2020语文五三答案_2020年中考英语考前冲刺,（三）

阅读理解 ★文章类型 阅读理解之广告图表类包含广告、招聘、咨询和建议等类型的文章。

★解题技巧 解答广告图表类题，要仔细阅读表格中的内容，表格类阅读材料一般都直观地表达出所要传递的信息。考生只要能看懂各个项目的意义，即可找出所设问题的答案。这类材料一般不涉及难度太大的题目。

纵观历年各省市的中考题可以看出广告图表类的文章在阅读理解中占有相当大的比重，一般四篇阅读理解中至少有一篇是广告图表类。广告图表类的文章属于应用文。学生阅读这类材料时，主要从两方面入手：
★一是了解图表的主题，确定图表的主要内容；

★二是推敲图画上的文字或数字，找出它们之间的关联或试图表达的含义。

典例一 （2018 • 江西中考） Science museum (The Science of Survival, IMAX&SIMEX) The Science Museum has something for everyone. Entry to the museum is free. Offer applies to IMAX 3D Cinema, SIMEX and The Science of Survival exhibition only. IMAX ￡7.50 SIMEX ￡4.00 The Science of Survival ￡6.00 Opening Times: Daily 10: 00—18: 00 Visit Time: 2 hours National Gallery Opening Times: Daily 10 am—7 pm Wednesday until 9 pm Admission: ￡8 adults. ￡4 students, under 12s free Tickets: Available daily from 10 am Telephone: 020 7747 2885 Visituswww.nationalgallery.com ZSL London Z There are over 12, 000 amazing animals for you to see. These are just a few things which make a visit to ZSL London Zoo a great day. Ticket Price: ￡ 17.00 Opening Times: Daily 10: 00—17: 30 Visit Time: 4 hours 34. How much does the ticket to ZSL London Zoo cost? A. ￡8.00. B. ￡17.50. C. ￡17.00. D. ￡7.50. 35. Where is the Science of Survival exhibition held? A. At the National gallery B. At the Science Museum C. At ZSL London zoo D. At IMAX 3D Cinema 36. How long is the National Gallery open on Wednesday? A. 4 hours B. 8 hours C. 7 hours D. 11 hours 【文章大意】本文公示了＂生存科学展＂＂国家美术馆＂和＂ZSL伦敦动物园＂的广告信息。

34. C【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三个广告信息Ticket Price: ￡ 17.00，可知选C。

35. B【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一则广告的标题Science museum可知选B。

36. D【解析】考查数字理解。根据第二则广告信息Opening Times: Daily 10 am—7 pm Wednesday until 9 pm，可知21-10=11，故选D。

典例二 【2019 • 广东省广州市】 6www.youthnews https://www.youthnews/yourview YOUTH NEWS News School Life Your View Sport Should Museum Entry Be Free With International Museum Day coming up, today we are asking readers: Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket? Let us know your view. Comments Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free. While museums need a huge amount of money to operate, let the wealthy pay for it. The idea of a person or child interested in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrong Krista Chen(US)-Age 15 Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate art. Generally people respect things that are difficult or costly to get. Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more. Fred Smith(New Zealand)-Age 14 Museums teach people about their past. This is part of our shared culture that should be available to everyone, rich or poor People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee. Rob Sanchez (Australia)-Age 17 There are no simple answers. Low ticket prices could help museums stay open. But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support. They have a social responsibility too. Amber White (UK)-Age 16 I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public. I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open. Li Mishao(China)-Age 15 11. How many readers support the idea of free museums? A. 2. B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 12. Who suggests museums should regularly hold special events to collect money? A. Krista Chen. B. Fred Smith. C. Rob Sanchez. D. Li Mishao. 13. Why does Fred Smith believe that free tickets should be given to high-achieving students? A. Students will then study harder. B. Museums will attract more visitors C. Museums can make themselves more famous D. These students can better appreciate museums 14. Which of the following does Amber White agree with? A. Businesses should offer museums more help B. People should only pay what they can afford C. Free entry doesn’t encourage visitors to museums D. Everybody should have a chance to visit museums 15. What can we know about the website? A. It’s quite a new website B. It was started in Australia C. It’s generally for young readers D. It mainly discusses scientific topics 【文章大意】这篇短文是某网站发起的一个评论贴，内容为＂你认为博物馆应该免费入场吗＂，下面有一些人对此发表了自己的看法。

11. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一个评论中Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free.可知，Krista认为博物馆应该免费；
再根据第三个评论中People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee.可知，Rob也支持博物馆免费；
再根据最后一个评论中I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public.可知，李米韶也支持这个观点。因此一共有三个人，选B。

12. D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段最后一句话I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open.可知，李米韶觉得应该举行募捐活动帮助支付博物馆的一些费用。由此可知应选D。

13. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more可知，Fred认为博物馆应该让一般的参观者付费，但是提供免费的票给那些成绩好、并且能够欣赏博物馆的学生作为奖励。由此可知应选D。

14. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第五段中But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support.可知，Amber认为公司和商人应该给博物馆提供更多的资金和其他的支持。由此可知应选A。

15. C【解析】推理判断题。根据这个网站最上面的标题YOUTH可知，这个网站主要是针对年轻人的，故C选项正确，意为＂它主要是给年轻读者准备的＂。

典例三 【2019 • 黑龙江省大庆市】 On sale! Girl’s Pink Tent(帐篷) It has light weight and is easy to carry. There are small holes in the windows. These holes let the air in and keep the bugs(小虫) out. Price: $230 Tel:768-3647 Peng Lai Chun Restaurant Yuxi Road A Chinese restaurant. Delicious and great value! Price: $18 for each adult(成年人)；
half price for each kid under 8 Book(预定) early because it gets busy! Tel: 623-2972 Bookshop assistant(助理) Dicken’s Books Lincoln Road Monday—Friday, and one Saturday every month Price: $80 an hour, 8 a.m.—4 p.m. Telephone 879-6634 and speak to the shop manager, John Hunter Summer Fashion Show Golden Shopping Plaza 2: 00 p.m. Saturday Men’s and women’s swimming clothes See 26 pretty and cool models in the latest fashions. Price: All clothing on sale after the show for under $60. For more information：goldenplaza@sina.com 16. What color is the tent? A. Pink. B. Yellow. C. Red. D. Blue. 17. How much should a couple(一对夫妻) with a kid at 5 pay at Peng Lai Chun Restaurant? A. $18. B. $9. C. $36. D. $45. 18. If Susan wants to work as an assistant at Dicken’s Books, she should call at ___________. A. 768-3647 B. 623-2972 C. 879-6634 D. 768-6634 19. We can ___________ in Golden Shopping Plaza. A. buy a girl’s pink tent B. see 26 pretty and cool models in the latest fashions C. telephone 879-6634 and speak to the shop manager, John Hunter D. eat delicious food 20. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. The assistant at Dicken’s Books has to work for 8 hours a day. B. The holes in the windows of the tent can let the air and bugs in. C. The Summer Fashion Show starts at 2: 00 in the afternoon on Saturday. D. People who want to eat at Peng Lai Chun Restaurant should book early. 【文章大意】短文介绍了四则广告信息：包括出售女童粉色帐篷的销售广告，一家中餐馆的订餐广告，书店招收助理的招聘广告以及夏季时装秀的演出广告。

16. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一则广告的信息＂Girl’s Pink Tent(帐篷)＂可知，帐篷是粉色的，故选A。

17. D【解析】数字计算题。根据第二则广告＂Peng Lai Chun Restaurant＂中的价格信息＂Price: $18 for each adult(成年人)；
half price for each kid under 8＂可知，成年人每人$18，8岁以下儿童半价。$18×2+$9=$45，故答案为D。

18. C【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Bookshop assistant(助理) Dicken’s Books＂中的联系方式＂Telephone 879-6634 and speak to the shop manager, John Hunter＂可知，如果苏珊想在迪肯书房做助理，她应该打879-6634。答案为C。

19. B【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Summer Fashion Show Golden Shopping Plaza＂中的信息＂See 26 pretty and cool models in the latest fashions.＂可知，在黄金购物广场，我们可以看到26个漂亮又酷的模特，穿着最新的时装。答案为B。

20. B【解析】判断正误题。根据＂Bookshop assistant(助理) Dicken’s Books＂中的工作时间＂Price: $80 an hour, 8 a.m.—4 p.m.＂可知，迪肯书房的助理每天要工作8个小时。A选项正确；
根据＂Girl’s Pink Tent(帐篷)＂中的信息＂There are small holes in the windows. These holes let the air in and keep the bugs(小虫)out.＂可知，帐篷窗户的小孔让空气进入，可以把虫子挡在外面。B选项是是说帐篷窗户上的小孔可以让空气和虫子进入。B选项错误；
根据＂Summer Fashion Show＂中的信息2: 00 p.m. Saturday可知，夏季时装秀周六下午两点开始。C选项正确。根据＂Peng Lai Chun Restaurant＂中的信息＂Book(预定) early because it gets busy!＂可知，想在蓬莱春餐厅吃饭的人应该早点预订。D选项正确。因此不正确的答案选B。

典例四 （2018 • 山东德州） Room for rent（租） We are a couple looking to rent out a bedroom. It’s close to 123 bus stop & the street. We also have two small dogs who are house trained and walk every day. You should pay $500 monthly. In advance(提前), please. For more information, please contact(联系): Mr. Adam Green Address: 25 Realway Street, Haddington Tel: 01985756634 Email: AdamG@Yahoo.co.uk 6. The householders_____________. A. are two girls B. like smoking a lot C. have two well-trained dogs D. are more than thirty years old 7. Which is RIGHT about the room for rent? A. It has a private kitchen B. It’s fit for the disabled C. It’s $1,000 for three months D. It is far from 123 bus stop 8. _____________ can rent the room A. Mr. Black and his wife B. Eric, a sixty-year-old doctor C. Mrs. Smith and her 4-year-old son D. Jim, a young man with a little cat 9. You can’t contact Mr. Adam Green _____________. A. by telephone B. by email C. by QQ D. by visiting him 10. This article is a (an) _____________. A. interview B. report C. advertisement(广告) D. notice 【文章大意】本文为出租广告。介绍了所要出租的房屋的信息。它靠近123路公共汽车站和街道。租金每月500美元；
图片给出了卧室的设施；
在文中介绍了房主的信息和爱好；
设施及对租赁者的要求。最后给出了户主的信息及联系方式。

6. C【解析】细节理解题。由Householders 信息中性别是一男一女可以判定A选项两个女孩是错误的；
由No smokers可知没有吸烟的，可知B选项 非常喜欢吸烟是错误的；
年龄25和29岁，可知D 选项30多岁是错误的。由第一段we also have two small dogs who are house trained 可知有两只训练有素的狗，即选项C是正确的，故选C。

7. B【解析】细节理解题。由设施表格内kitchen shared可知厨房是共享的（shared），可知选项A private（私有的）是不正确的；
由有残疾人通道可知B选项适合（is fit for）残疾人(the disabled)是正确的；
由第一段You should pay $500 monthly(每月付500)，故三个月应付1500，可知C选项错误；
由第一段It’s close to (离……近)123 bus stop可知D 选项It’s far from（离……远）123 bus stop是错误的，故选择B。

8. B【解析】细节理解题。由更适合新室友表格可知，不适合couples（夫妻），所以A选项Black和他的妻子不正确；
年龄21—65可知B选项60岁的医生可以；
由No children可知C选项四岁的孩子不可以；
由No pets（宠物）可知D选项有猫不可以。故选B。

9. C【解析】细节理解题。由联系方式可知，要联系亚当格林先生可以通过打电话；
发电子邮件；
或到家里拜访。通过QQ不可以。故选C。

10. C【解析】推理判断题。A. interview采访；
B. report 报道；
C. advertisement (广告) D. notice通知。本文是对房屋出租信息的介绍。因此属于广告类。故选C。

细节理解题主要考查学生对文章中的细节与具体事实的把握能力，内容涉及询问事实、原因、结果和目的等，属于浅层次的理解题，难度较低。同学们需要在有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，发现文章中的细节信息，然后遵循由整体到细节的原则，把握作者的思路，按全文→段落→词语的步骤来解题。

典例五 （2018 • 山东青岛） Beijing World Hotel Sports Club You can do many different sports here to keep healthy. You’ll never get bored. Our program is always working on new ways to keep you strong and happy. Location: First Lever, West Wing Building, Beijing World Trade Center Opening Hours: 14:00 to 21:30 hours Gourmet It is simple to prepare a great meal for your family or friends now! You can buy the best meat, milk products, wines, bread, cakes and more… Location: Basement 1, Beijing World Trade Center Opening Hours: 19:00 to 21:00 hours Lost Horizon You are the star at the Lost Horizon karaoke room. Over 7000 choices of Chinese, Japanese, Korean and English songs are all for your singing pleasure. Location: Ground Level, West Wing Building, Beijing World Trade Center Opening Hours: 19:00 to 01:00 hours (Sunday—Thursday); 19:00 to 03:00 hours (Friday—Saturday) Brauhaus Here we open an excellent German bar. Guests will feel the atmosphere of a bar in Berlin, enjoy real German beers and meals. Location: Ground Level, West Wing Building, Beijing World Trade Center Opening Hours: 12:00 to 03:00 hours (Sunday—Thursday); 12:00 to 05:00 hours (Friday—Saturday) For more information, please call service center(85144800) 15. If you want to find a place to sing karaoke, you can go to _____________. A. Sports Club B. Lost Horizon C. Gourmet D. Brauhaus 16. According to the passage, Gourmet is a place where you can _____________. A. do many different sports B. visit during the daytime C. buy something to eat D. buy anything you want 17. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. You can enjoy real German beers and meals in Brauhaus. B. Sports Club opens from 2:00 p.m. to 9:30 p.m.. C. Lost Horizon is on Ground Level of West Wing Building. D. You can stay in Brauhaus from morning till night. 【文章大意】这是北京世界宾馆的广告。

15. B 【解析】根据You are the star at the Lost Horizon karaoke room.可知唱歌可以去Lost Horizon，故选B。

16. C 【解析】根据Gourmet You can buy the best meat, milk products, wines bread, cakes and more...可知是卖吃的的地方；
故选C。

17. D 【解析】根据Brauhaus Opening Hours：12:00 to 03:00 hours （Sunday—Thursday）；
12:00 to 05:00 hours（Friday—Saturday）可知不是全天开放；
故选D。

A（浙江省宁波市鄞州区2019届九年级期中） Rules are everywhere. We have many rules in our daily life, because they are very important to us. We have to follow them. Here are two pieces of them. Exit( 出口）Seat Criteria(标准） If you are sitting in an exit seat, read the instructions below. You must: ☆Be at least 15 years old and healthy enough to offer help. ☆Be able to speak, read and understand English well. ☆Be able to help the crew members（工作人员）open emergency exit(紧急出口). ☆Be able to help others away from the plane. You must not: ☆Have hearing problem. ☆Travel with a pet, such as a dog. ☆Travel with someone that needs special care, such as a child. If you cannot meet the criteria, ask crew members to move you to another seat. You do not have to explain why, just say, ＂I do not want to sit in an exit seat.＂ Rules for Residents(房客) ☆You may make tea and coffee in your rooms ,but cooking is not allowed. ☆Visitors are welcome to stay in your rooms until 11 p.m., but please do not play loud music after 10 p.m.. ☆There is a TV set in the Students’ Lounge(休息室). You can watch it when you are free. ☆There are washing machines on every floor for washing your clothes. Please don’t hang clothes out of the window to dry. ☆Each floor has a telephone for making local calls only. 1. This piece of Exit Seat Criteria may appear on the_____________. A. ship B. train C. bus D. plane 2. The passenger sitting in an exit seat_____________. A. can’t be deaf B. don’t need to understand English C. can be at any age D. can travel with his little daughter 3. Which of the following is TRUE about Rules for Residents? A. Students need to wash clothes by hand. B. No friends can come to visit the students. C. Not all calls are allowed to make. D. Students can cook in their rooms. B（黑龙江省哈69中2019届初中毕业学年校内模拟测试） Online One-to-one English Courses in China VIP KID DaDa ABC UTalk 51Talk Founding（创建） time 2013 2013 2016 2011 Founders Mi Wenjun Zhi Hui Chen Zuodong Huang Jiajia The number of foreign teachers More than 60,000 About 3,000 Over 300 Over 8,000 Learners Age 4—12 Age 6—17 *Age 6—18 Kids, teens, adults Price per(每) class ¥120—150/25 minutes ¥127—144/30 minutes ¥38—50/25 minutes ¥96—140/25 minutes *：Only UTalk provides public school English courses online 4. The founder of 51Talk is _____________ according to the form. A. Zhi Hui B. Huang Jiajia C. Chen Zuodong 5. Sam isn’t good at English. To improve his school English course, _____________ is his best choice. A. DaDa ABC B. VIP KID C. UTalk 6. Online one-to-one courses for English learning started _____________ in China. A. in the year 2013 B. in the 2020s C. in the early 21st century 7. If a child has two English online courses on VIP KID, he or she should pay at least _____________. A. 240￥ B. 300￥ C. 120￥ 8. Which of the following is TRUE according to the information above? A. All the online one-to-one courses in the form are 25 minutes each time. B. 51Talk has no age limit(限制) according to the form. C. UTalk is the most expensive of all the online courses. A 【文章大意】本文叙述了坐在飞机出口处座位的乘客需要符合的条件以及房客的规章制度。

1. D 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据Be able to help others away from the plane.可知，这里提到能够帮助其他的人撤离飞机，所以应该是在飞机上。故选D。

2. A 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据You must not: ☆Have hearing problem.可知，坐在出口的人不能有听力问题。所以选A。

3. C 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据Each floor has a telephone for making local calls only.可知，只允许打当地的电话。故选C。

B 【文章大意】本文介绍了中国在线一对一英语课程。

4. B【解析】题意：51talk的创始人是_______。考查细节理解。A. Zhi Hui郅慧；
B. Huang Jiajia黄佳佳；

C. Chen Zuodong陈佐东。根据表格第三栏Founders（创始人）第4列Huang Jiajia（黄佳佳）可知51talk的创始人是黄佳佳；
选B。

5. C【解析】题意：萨姆不擅长英语。为了提高他的学校英语课程，_____________是他的最佳选择。A. DaDa ABC；
B. VIP KID；
C. UTalk。考查细节理解。根据*：Only UTalk provides public school English courses online（*：只有Utalk在线提供公立学校英语课程。）结合句意可知填C。

6. C【解析】题意：网上一对一英语学习课程在中国始于__________。考查细节理解。A. in the year 2013：2013年；
B. in the 2020s：20世纪20年代；
C. in the early 21st century：21世纪初。根据第二栏Founding time（创建时间）可知创建时间分别是2013、2013、2016、2011；
可知网上一对一英语学习课程在中国始于21世纪初。选C。

7. A【解析】题意：如果一个孩子有两门关于VIP孩子的英语在线课程，他或她应该至少支付________。考查细节理解。A. 240￥；
B. 300￥；
C. 120￥。根据表格第6栏Price per(每) class第一列¥120-150/25 minutes可知一节课25分钟，一节课最少120元，两节课：120*2=240元；
可知选A。

8. B【解析】题意：根据以上信息，以下哪项是正确的？考查细节理解判断。A. All the online one-to-one courses in the form are 25 minutes each time. 表格中的所有在线一对一课程每次25分钟；
B. 51Talk has no age limit(限制) according to the form.根据表格，51Talk没有年龄限制；
C. UTalk is the most expensive of all the online courses ：Utalk是所有在线课程中最昂贵的。根据第5栏Learners（学习者）和第5列Kids, teens, adults（儿童、青少年、成人）可知＂51Talk没有年龄限制＂，B是正确的；
选B。

A Treasure Hunt 1. The treasure hunt will be held at _____________. A. Aggie’s Ice-cream shop B. Feather and Fish Pet Store C. Benoit Park 2. Who can take part in the game? A. A little baby B. A primary school student. C. A young mom 3. What is inside the treasure box? A. A map with ten clues. B. Some coupons C. A movie ticket. 4. If it rains on September 30th, the game will be ____________. A. held another day B. held at another place C. canceled 5. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The treasure hunters will meet at school. B. Children must hunt alone. C. The game will be held at 1:00pm. B Monday 10:30—11:00am visit Uncle Peter in General Hospital Tuesday 2:00—4:00 pm swimming class Wednesday 12:00—6:00 pm part-time job Thursday 10:30—11:30 am Appointment Mr. Green Friday 11:00 am go to the airport to meet Sam Saturday 10:00—12:00 am Meet Dave to study for test Sunday 5:00—7:00 pm Birthday party for Kate 阅读John的日程表，选择正确答案。

4. _____________ is ill in hospital. A. Kate B. Peter C. John D. Sam 5. John has a swimming class on _____________. A. Sunday B. Tuesday C. Wednesday D. Thursday 6. John does his part-time job for _____________ hours a week. A. five B. six C. ten D. eleven 7. John meets Sam _____________. A. at Dave’s house B. in the hospital C. at the airport D. Kate’s home 8. Kate’s birthday party is from ____________ to ____________. A. 2:00; 4:00 B. 12:00; 6:00 C. 12:00; 5:00 D. 5:00; 7:00 A 【文章大意】本文叙述了在Whitingham城镇举行小学生的一次寻宝游戏，游戏的地点是Benoit Park，游戏的时间是9月30日下午1点。宝盒里有价值300美元的优惠券。

1. C 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据The treasure hunt will take place at Benoit Park. 可知，游戏的地点是Benoit Park，游戏的时间是9月30日下午1点，宝盒里有价值300美元的优惠券。

2. B 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据Children between the ages of seven and twelve can take park in it. 可知，在7岁至12岁之间应该是小学生。故选B。

3. B 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据The treasure is a box filled with coupons worth $300 in all. 可知，宝盒里装着价值300美元的优惠券。故选B。

4. A 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据If it rains, the game will be held at 1:00pm on October8th.如果下雨了，比赛将在另外一天举行。故选A。

5. C 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据The treasure hunt will take place at Benoit Park at1:00pm on the September 30th.可知比赛在下午1点开始。故选C。

B 【文章大意】这篇文章讲的是约翰一周的行程安排及他参加的各种活动。

4. B 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据文中信息visit Uncle Peter in General Hospital可知皮特叔叔生病住院了，故选B。

5. B 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据文中信息Tuesday，2:00—4:00 pm，swimming class可知选B。

6. B 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据文中信息Wednesday，12:00—6:00 pm，part-time job (业余工作)可知他做兼职6个小时，故选B。

7. C 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据文中信息Friday，11:00 am，go to the airport to meet Sam可知答案是C。

8. D 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据表格信息Sunday，5:00—7:00 pm，Birthday party for Kate可知答案是D。

1. 邻居家一小孩，考试只考了18分，然后他拿红笔添了一横，变成了78，然后又在7的上面多加了半圈，然后……就变成了98。

后来卷子拿给他妈妈看，他妈妈说：这么明显的改动，你以为我会看不出来你其实考了78分吗？ 2. 儿子语文考试不及格，爸爸上去就是一巴掌，然后呵斥道：＂一点都不动脑筋！判断题为什么全选’对’呢？＂儿子边哭边理直气壮地说：＂你看，试卷上面写得很清楚，’答错扣分’啊！＂ 3. 一次英语考试，老师按下听力磁带后，坐在前面的一个男生便奋笔疾书填写答案，望着他自信的背影我们都自叹不如，英语听力戛然而止，他也潇洒的放下了笔，这时录音机里传来：＂听力试音时间结束，现在开始正式考试。＂ ★材料特点 人物故事类的阅读理解文章是中考英语常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。

1. 人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。

2. 短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生、发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件的之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。

★解题技巧 1. 阅读人物传记类文章时应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息，即主人翁在某个时间做过什么，然后通过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。

2. 阅读短篇故事类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓住每一个细节，设身处地地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开想象，这样的话即使是深层理解题也可迎刃而解。

典例一 【2019 • 重庆市中考A卷】 Imagine a world with no more animals: no elephants, no tigers or lions. To some people, that thought is too terrible for words. So they are doing something about it. Tiffany Soechting is one of them. Being among wild animals—feeding them and caring for them—is all Tiffany Soechting has wanted to do with her life. And that is exactly what she does! Soechting is the human ＂mother＂ to the 500 animals that live on her family wildlife farm in San Antonio, Texas. On the farm, she cares for animals from around the world. Soechting says she loves them all. However, two reticulated giraffes(网纹长颈鹿) take up a special place in her heart. Their population in the wild has become smaller by 80% in the last 15 years. ＂I’m so glad to get help from five wildlife researchers that took giraffes up to a higher level. All our hard work helps protect giraffes living in the wild.＂ Besides her animal caring, Soechting also holds monthly classes, where she teaches school children about the animals. Soechting also opens the farm to the public. Visitors not only learn about the animals, they can also get close to them. And the animals are not against that. For them, people are part of their natural environment. The farm is part conservation(保护) area, part educational center and part animal park. As the animals walk peacefully around the grounds, it is easy for them to forget that San Antonio, a busy city, is just a few minutes away. 1. ＂Soechting is the human ‘mother’ to the 500 animals＂ shows __________. A. she has already married and has some children B. the animals on the farm are taken good care of C. the animals can get along well with each other D. she teaches school children about animals well 2. The structure of the passage may be __________. A. B. C. D. 3. According to the passage, Soechting is __________. A. confident but busy B. humorous and lovely C. wise but careless D. kind and hard-working 4. The best title of the passage may be ＂__________＂. A. How to Save Wild Animals B. Soeching and Her Wild Animals C. Two Reticulated Giraffes D. A World Without Wild Animals 【文章大意】本文介绍了Tiffany Soechting是一位想一生和野生动物在一起，来喂养和照顾它们的女性，她说这是她生活的全部。她就是这么做的！在农场里，她照顾来自世界各地的动物。Soechting说她爱他们。在动物园里有两只网纹长颈鹿，在她的心中占据了一个特殊的位置。除了照顾动物外，Soechting还每月举办一次班课，在那里她教学校的孩子们动物的知识。Soechting还向公众开放农场。游客不仅可以了解动物，还可以接近它们。农场部分为保护区、设立了教育中心和动物公园。

1. B【解析】细节理解题。根据Soechting is the human ＂mother＂ to the 500 animals that live on her family wildlife farm in San Antonio, Texas. On the farm, she cares for animals from around the world. Soechting says she loves them all. 索赫丁是人类的＂母亲＂，500只动物生活在她的家庭野生动物农场在圣安东尼奥，德克萨斯州。在农场里，她照顾来自世界各地的动物。

Soechting说她爱他们。表明了农场里的动物都得到了很好的照顾。故选B。

2. D【解析】细节理解题。题干问的是短文的结构。本文可以划分为三个部分。第一部分为Paragraph1和Paragraph2两个自然段，主要讲了：Tiffany Soechting一直想和野生动物在一起，来喂养和照顾它们的原因。第二部分为Paragraph3、Paragraph4和Paragraph5三个自然段，主要讲了：Tiffany Soechting是动物们的人类＂母亲＂，同时还把500只动物照顾的很好，除此之外还向公众开放农场。让游客不仅可以了解动物，还可以接近它们。第三部分为Paragraph6自然段，主要讲了：农场部分为保护区、设立了教育中心和动物公园。动物们可以在这里安静地行走。结合所给的选项可知，符合这一结构的为选项D。

3. D【解析】推理判断题。根据Being among wild animals—feeding them and caring for them—is all Tiffany Soechting has wanted to do with her life. And that is exactly what she does! 可知，Tiffany Soechting一直想和野生动物在一起，来喂养和照顾它们，这就是她生活的全部。她就是这么做的！说明Tiffany Soechting是善良的（kind）；
再根据Besides her animal caring, Soechting also holds monthly classes, where she teaches school children about the animals. 除了照顾动物外，索赫廷还每月举办一次班，在那里她教学校的孩子们动物的知识。说明Tiffany Soechting也是努力工作的（hard-working）。故选D。

4. B【解析】推理判断题。A. How to Save Wild Animals如何拯救野生动物；
B. Soeching and Her Wild Animals Tiffany Soechting及其野生动物。C. Two Reticulated Giraffes两只网状长颈鹿。D. A World Without Wild Animals一个没有野生动物的世界。根据Sketching is the human ＂mother＂ to the 500 animals that live on her family wildlife farm in San Antonio, Texas. Sketching是人类的＂母亲＂，500只动物生活在圣安东尼奥，德克萨斯州她的家庭野生动物农场里。可知，本文主要介绍了Tiffany Soechting是如何照顾她的野生动物的。因此最好的题目是Soeching and Her Wild Animals。故选B。

典例二 【2019 • 浙江省金华、义乌、丽水市中考】 On March 19，2019， eight-year-old Tani won the New York Championship(纽约象棋冠军赛) of his age group. But the boy, who was homeless at the time, began learning the game less than a year ago. Tani and his family arrived in New York City from Africa in 2017. A church helped him enter the primary school, P. S. 116. Here the gifted boy was first introduced to chess by a part-time teacher Makofsky, owner of a chess club. Interested in the game, the seven-year-old asked his mother to allow him to join the club. Not able to afford the chess classes, she emailed Makofsky. To her surprise and joy, Makofsky agreed that Tani could learn it for free. Though the chess club helps, it’s largely believed that Tani’s success lies in hard work. Theboy practices the game for many hours a day on the floor with his board. Every Saturday, Tani goes to a free 3-hour class to improve his game skills. Not surprisingly, Tani’s story, first reported by The New York Times, has brought him great support from the public. Soon after the young boy won the New York Championship, Makofsky began a GoFundMe activity for Tani and his family so that he could continued his chess journey. It raised $200,000 in just ten days, far more than they expected. And the money keeps coming. But the family donates(捐赠) most of the money to the church and to those poor family! Tani has also received offers from three famous private schools in New York. However, the family have politely refused all of them and chosen to continue Tani’s education at P. S. 116. While excited about his new life, Tani is ready to meet great challenges(挑战). He is busy preparing for the 2019 National Primary Championships. Winning the competition will bring the chess player closer to his dream of becoming the world’s youngest chess grandmaster(大师). The record has been 17 years by the Russian chess player Karjakin, who won the title at the age of 12. 5. Tani began to learn chess at the age of __________. A. seven B. eight C. nine D. twelve 6. Paragraph 3 is mainly about __________. A. where Tani practices chess B. how hard Tani works at chess C. what Tani’s mother does for him D. how much the chess club helps 7. After winning the New York Championship, Tani __________. A. hoped to see Bill Clinton B. went to a famous private school C. became the richest boy in New York D. got much support from society 8. The writer mentions the Russian chess player Karjakin to __________. A. call on young people to learn chess B. introduce his great achievements in chess C. show it’s a big challenge for Tani to realize his dream D. tell people Tani has been the world’s best chess player 【文章大意】本文主要主要讲了Tani从小喜欢象棋，并经过自己的不断努力，最终赢得很多奖项，但实现自己的梦想还是很具挑战性的。

5. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中的信息eight-year-old Tani won the New York Championship(纽约象棋冠军赛) of his age group. 八岁的Tani赢得了他这个年龄组的纽约象棋赛冠军；
以及But the boy, who was homeless at the time, began learning the game less than a year ago. 但这个那时无家可归的男孩在不到一年前就开始学习这个比赛了。可知Tani在他七岁的时候就开始学习国际象棋，故答案选A。

6. B【解析】段意归纳题。根据本段的第一句Though the chess club helps, it’s largely believed that Tani’s success lies in hard work.虽然他的成功有象棋俱乐部的帮助，但是主要原因在于他的勤奋和努力；
再结合下文的描述：他每天在地上用板子练习好几个小时下棋，而且每周六他都会去上3个小时的免费课程，以提高他的下棋技能。可知本段主要讲述的是Tani在下象棋方面有多么的努力，故答案选B。

7. D【解析】细节理解题。根据文中的信息Soon after the young boy won the New York Championship, Makofsky began a GoFundMe activity for Tani and his family so that he could continued his chess journey. It raised $200,000 in just ten days, far more than they expected.可知，在赢得纽约象棋赛冠军之后，为了他能继续他的象棋之旅，Makofsky为Tani和他的家人举办了活动，仅仅10天就筹集了20万美元，远远超过了他们的预期。这意味着Tani得到了很多社会上的支持，故答案选D。

8. C【解析】推理判断题。根据文中的信息The record has been 17 years by the Russian chess player Karjakin, 这项纪录由俄罗斯的象棋选手Karjakin已经保持了17年，由此可推知作者提到这个内容的目的是为了说明对于Tani来说，实现梦想是一个很大的挑战，故答案选C。

如何做好阅读理解之标题归纳题 命题方式：考查文章的中心思想、文章标题的选择、作者的写作态度和意图。

错误选项的特点：1. 以偏概全。2. 断章取义。3. 主题扩大。4. 张冠李戴。5. 无中生有或似是而非。

解题指导：1.分清主次，抓住主干，找出主题句。2.理清层次关系，选出最佳标题。3.抓住关键词，判断作者意图。

典例三 【2019 • 安徽省中考】 Like many high school graduates, Maggie Doyne didn’t go straight to college. She decided to travel and arrived in western Nepal in 2006. A war had just ended there and left many children living on the streets. They were often forced to work at hard physical jobs for little money. One day, while walking down a country road, Doyne saw a little girl breaking up rocks. She soon learned that 7-year-old Hima sold the rocks to support her family. With deep sadness, she decided to pay Hima’s tuition(学费) for school. Encouraged by the changes in the child, Doyne thought, “If we can help one child, why not?“ Doyne felt that the street children’s greatest need was a home. She found a piece of land for sale and bought it with $5,000 she saved from years of babysitting(当临时保姆) . In 2008 the Kopila Valley Chilren’s Home was set up. With the help from the community, another goal was reached in 2010—the Kopila Valley School. Over 350 children now attend the school and over 50 live in the home. Today, Doyne lives in the home and is “mum“ to the kids. 14. When did Maggie Doyne travel to western Nepal? A. In 2006. B. In 2007. C. In 2008. D. In 2010. 15. Why did Hima break up the rocks? A. To do physical exercise. B. To build a new school. C. To get money for her family. D. To repair the country road. 16. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. The street children once worked as babysitters. B. Doyne got some support from the community. C. Doyne borrowed much money from the government. D. Over 5,000 children attend the Kopila Valley School. 17. Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A. Maggie Doyne—A Lonely Traveller B. War in Western Nepal C. Maggie Doyne—Mum to More Than 50 D. A Girl Lived on Her Own 【文章大意】Maggie Doyne是一共高中毕业生，但她没有直接上大学，而且去尼泊尔西部旅行。那里刚结束一场战争，很多孩子都上不起学，甚至没有一个家。Doyne决定做点什么来帮助他们，她给流离失所的孩子建造了一个家，还建了学校，让孩子们上学。

14. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话She decided to travel and arrived in western Nepal in 2006.可知，Maggie Doyne在2006年去了尼泊尔西部旅行。由此可知应选A。

15. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段One day, while walking down a country road, Doyne saw a little girl breaking up rocks. She soon learned that 7-year-old Hima sold the rocks to support her family.可知，Hima砸石头卖掉，用得来的钱养活家人。由此可知应选C。

16. B【解析】细节理解题。根据She found a piece of land for sale and bought it with $5,000 she saved from years of babysitting (当临时保姆) . 可知A不对；
根据短文第三段中With the help from the community, another goal was reached in 2010—the Kopila Valley School.可知，在社区的帮助下，Doyne建立学校的目标实现了，由此可知应选B。C选项在短文中没有提到；
根据 Over 350 children now attend the school可知D不对。答案是B。

17. C【解析】主旨大意题。这篇短文给我们介绍了高中毕业生Maggie Doyne在去尼泊尔旅行的时候，对那里孩子们的贫困生活留下了深刻的印象，她决定帮助他们。她在那里给孩子们建立了一个家，还建立了学校供孩子们上学，而Doyne就是那些孩子们的＂妈妈＂。由文意可知，C选项＂Maggie Doyne—50个孩子的妈妈＂这个题目最符合文章主旨，故选C。

推理判断题是每年中考的必考题型之一，也是英语阅读理解中难度较大的题型，属于深层理解题。它要求学生对文章中的内容及作者的思路做出合理的判断和推理，也就是要运用逻辑推理能力推测出蕴含在文章中却没有明说的事实及暗示的含义。因此，学生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理，在已知和未知信息之间搭起桥梁，透过字里行间，体会＂弦外之音＂，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。

（广东省深圳市耀华实验学校2019届九年级上学期期中）In their last moment before the flight took off, I heard a father saying to his daughter, ＂I love you, I wish you enough.＂ The daughter said, ＂Daddy, our life together has been more than enough. Your love is all I ever needed. I wish you enough too.＂ They kissed goodbye and the daughter left. I could see the father was very sad. Suddenly the father walked towards me and asked me, ＂Did you ever say goodbye to someone knowing it would be the last time?＂ His words made me think of my father. Realizing that my father’s days were limited(有限的), I took the time to tell him face to face how much he meant to me. So I understood what this father was experiencing. ＂Yes, I did.＂ I answered, ＂But why is this a last goodbye?＂ ＂I am old and my daughter lives much too far away. Maybe her next trip back will be for my funeral,＂ he said. ＂When you were saying goodbye, I heard you say ‘I wish you enough’. What does that mean?＂ He began to smile. ＂My parents used to say it to me. When we say ‘I wish you enough’, we want the other person to have a life filled with enough good things.＂ He stopped for a moment and continued, ＂I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright. I wish you enough rain to appreciate the sun more. I wish you enough happiness to keep your spirit alive. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life seem much bigger… I wish you enough ‘Hellos’ to get you through the final ‘Goodbye’＂. He then said goodbye to me and walked away. 1. Where did the story happen? A. In a hospital. B. At an airport. C. At a train station. D. In a park. 2. In the passage, ＂I wish you enough＂ means that we wish _____________. A. the other person as many good things as possible B. each other a good life C. the other person as much sunshine as possible D. it enough rain 3. Which is NOT mentioned according to the passage? A. The father’s parents used to say ＂I wish you enough＂. B. The writer was the father’s friend. C. The father was sad when his daughter left. D. The father wished his daughter to live a happy life. 4. According to the passage, why must we be wished enough pain? A. Because no pain, no gain. B. Because we can keep our spirit alive. C. Because the tiny happiness makes us feel like the great joys. D. Because the pleasures and pains in life are necessary. 【文章大意】这篇短文讲的是一个农民通过自己的努力把一个废弃的农场改造成一个井井有条，生机盎然的地方的故事。

1. D 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据文中第一段的描述可知一开始这个农场是一个破烂不堪、长满野草的地方，故选D。

2. A 【命题意图】句意理解题。

【解题思路】根据文中画线句子及语境可知这个牧师认为这个农民把这个农场收拾好是不可能的，故选A。

3. D 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第三段的描述可知选D。

A It was the end of my junior year, the weekend before a dance. I was riding with some friends, and everyone was drinking from a bottle. When the bottle got to me, I drank too. I did not realize that it was the biggest mistake of my life. I had to drive home later that night. I went back to my car, got in and drove off. When I saw a policeman sitting in the parking lot and his headlights turning on, I knew he was going to follow me. Oh no, that swig! ＂Can I see your license, please, Miss?＂the policeman asked me. I gave it to him. He went back to his car for a while. When he returned, he asked if I had been drinking. ＂No,＂I said. He asked me to walk out of my car. He told me to do some actions, and I didn’t do them well. Then he asked me to take a breathalyzer（酒精测试器）test. That was where I messed up. I told him I didn’t want to. The officer asked me three more times, and I continued to refuse. He told me to turn around and place my hands behind my back. He arrested me right then and there. I’ll have to take a driving test again. This was a huge learning experience for me. It opened my eyes to how easy it is to make a stupid decision. I want everyone reading this to know that it’s not right to drink and drive. It isn’t worth losing your license over. 1. What mistake did the writer make? A. She rode with her friends. B. She was too young to drink. C. She drank and then drove a car. D. She didn’t take her driving license. 2. When did the writer realize her mistake? A. When she drank from the bottle. B. After she got into her car. C. As soon as she saw the policeman. D. When the policeman went over to her. 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. She passed the breathalyzer test. B. She lost her driving license for drinking. C. She kept silent in front of the policeman. D. She drove back home as usual that night. 4. What does the writer want to tell us? A. Don’t drive after drinking. B. Don’t argue（争论）with a policeman. C. Everyone has to follow the rules. D. Be careful while we are driving. B Once upon a time, there was a spider with the name Anansi. He knew that he was very clever but he also knew he wasn’t wise. He didn’t like this, but he did not know what to do. One day he had an idea. He went around the village with a basket and asked people to give him some of their wisdom. Each person put a bit in his basket and wished him good luck. Soon his basket was full, but Anansi was worried that his neighbors might be jealous (嫉妒) of his wisdom and take it from him. He decided to hide it at the top of a tall tree. When he had tied the basket to the front part of his body, he tried to climb the tree, but it was too difficult. He tried again and again without success. Then his youngest son walked by. ＂What are you doing, father?＂ he asked and Anansi told him. ＂Why don’t you carry the basket on your back instead?＂ his son said. Anansi put the basket on his back and climbed the tree easily, but he wasn’t happy. ＂I walked all over the village and collected so much wisdom that I am the wisest person ever, but my baby son is still wiser than me. Take back your wisdom!＂ he said. And he threw the basket of wisdom into the air and went home. And that’s how wisdom went all over the world. 5. Anansi went around the village because____________. A. he knew he was very clever B. he wanted to show his good luck C. he hoped to meet his son D. he wanted to ask people for wisdom 6. Anansi wanted to get his wisdom from____________. A. his son B. his father C. the villagers D. the neighbors 7. The underlined word ＂it＂ in Paragraph 2 refers to (指的是)____________ . A. the tree B. the basket C. the luck D. the wisdom 8. The passage above is _____________. A. a report B. a story C. an advertisement D. a diary 9. The best title for the passage would be ＂____________＂. A. Anansi’s wisdom B. The wisdom of Anansi’s son C. Anansi and his son D. Anansi and the villagers A 【文章大意】本文作者讲述了自己酒后驾车的一次经历，驾照被吊销，告诫人们酒后不要驾车。

1. C 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第一段中的When the bottle got to me, I drank too. I did not realize that it was the biggest mistake of my life. I had to drive home later that night.可知，作者犯了酒后驾车的错误。故选C。

2. C 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第二段可知，作者一看到警察，意识到了自己的错误。故选C。

3. B 【命题意图】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第四段中的I’ll have to take a driving test again.可知，作者又要参加驾驶考试了，说明失去了驾照。故选B。

4. A 【命题意图】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据最后一段可知，本文作者主要想告诉人们：酒后不该驾车。故选A。

B 【文章大意】本文讲述了名叫Anansi的蜘蛛从村民那里收集了很多智慧，放在一个篮子里，当他想要把这篮子智慧藏到树上时，发现很难上树。他的儿子让他背着篮子上去，他原以为自己最聪明，但是他的儿子仍然比他聪明。于是，他把一篮子智慧扔在空中，这样智慧到了世界各地。

5. D 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据He went around the village with a basket and asked people to give him some of their wisdom. Each person put a bit in his basket and wished him good luck. 可知，Anansi去村里是为了让人们给它一些智慧。故选D。

6. C 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据He went around the village with a basket and asked people to give him some of their wisdom.可知它是从村民哪里获得智慧的。故选C。

7. D 【命题意图】词义猜测题。

【解题思路】根据Soon his basket was full, but Anansi was worried that his neighbors might be jealous (嫉妒) of his wisdom and take it from him.可知他担心他的邻居会妒忌他的智慧，拿走它，故此处的it指的是wisdom。故选D。

8. B 【命题意图】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据文中讲述了一个蜘蛛收集智慧，藏智慧，然后扔了智慧的故事，故选B。

9. A 【命题意图】标题归纳题。

【解题思路】本文讲述了一个名叫Anansi的蜘蛛收集智慧，藏智慧，然后扔了智慧的故事，故选A。

1. 邻居家有只二哈，今天早上我在它吃狗 粮时吓了它一下。晚上时门没关好，二哈悄悄潜了进来，蹲在饭桌下。等我坐下吃饭时，二哈＂嗖＂地从饭桌下窜了出来，吓得我差点把饭碗扔了。

2. 学校一群舍友去食堂吃饭。第一个说：＂一份排骨，一份米饭。＂第二个说：＂阿姨，给我来一份和前面那个二货一样的。＂第三个说：＂我也要和那两个二货一样的饭。＂到我了，还没开口，阿姨就问：＂你也要二货套餐吗？＂ 测试要求 命题特点 1. 理解和把握文章的主旨大意、段落大意和中心思想的能力。

2. 理解和把握文章具体信息来获取有关信息的能力，及根据上下文提供的语境推测生词词义、句意，进而加深对文章的理解的能力。

3. 根据文章进行简单的数字推算和计算的能力。

4. 既要理解词、短语、句子和文章的表层意思，又要理解其深层含义和抽象概念的能力。

5. 理解全篇的逻辑关系，根据已知信息进行合理的推理判断和预测新信息的能力。

初中英语试题中的阅读文章题材丰富(涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科学技术等各个方面)，体裁多样(包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等)。中考阅读理解要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能作出正确判断，然后根据试题的要求从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案或作出正误判断。文章的难易程度和初三课文基本相同，要求阅读速度为每分钟40—50个词。

预计2020年中考仍然会沿袭往年的风格，题材丰富，体裁多样，主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。说明类阅读理解仍会占很大一席。

说明文阅读理解的特征 一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即who → what → when → where → how → why。

1. who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物） 2. what：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途） 3. when和where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途） 4. how：通过什么方式表现出来的？ 5. why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？ 做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的wh-word。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。

说明文阅读理解的解题技巧 阅读说明类文章重在把握被说明事物各因素之间的联系，如因果、条件、从属、并列等；
以及说明方法，如定义、例释、类比等。考生应加强此类文章的阅读训练，不断提高判断、归纳、分析和解决问题的能力。首先我们平时要多关注科学题材的文章，了解一些基本的科普知识；
其次，在阅读时要注意实验的 目的和结果，不能凭想象和猜测下结论；
对于较难理解的句子要利用语法结构去分析；
最后，要利用文章特点找准主题句，把握中心，从而一一破解题目。

一、解题技巧 技巧一 快速读题，正确理解题干，定位关键词，带着问题读文章。

技巧二 运用正确的阅读策略，变速阅读文章，学会处理文中的冗余信息。

技巧三 注意特殊语言现象，在含有关键词的句子处标上题号。

技巧四 注意正确项和干扰项的特征，回到文中确定答案。

技巧五 合理猜测，推敲生词的含义。

技巧六 符合题目要求，对信息进行必要的加工处理。

二、解题方法 先读懂文章，然后按顺序答题。此方法适合内容较易于理解和记忆的文章。

先读试题再读文章，这样我们可以带着问题有的放矢地阅读文章，迅速选出答案。

先阅读一篇文章，把握中心大意，然后开始答题，对暂时确定不了的答案，可回读文章的有关内容并对其进行分析、推敲后再确定。

对拿不准的答案，可先逐项排除自己有把握的错误选项，再将剩下的答案进行比较、筛选，直到确定最佳答案。

三、注意事项 1. 限时阅读：严格控制做题时间，具体到每一篇文章，通过有意识的训练，达到时间分配上的合理性。

2. 带着问题读：先快速浏览一遍题目，再开始阅读文章，有针对性的阅读会提升速度。

3. 找对应词句：中考阅读理解的答案都会聚焦到文章的词或句子上，在做题时找到相应的原文，并进行勾勒、标注，重点理解，有助于排除疑虑，且方便检查。

4. 重点注意首段、尾段、首句、尾句：中考阅读理解的材料都是有鲜明的中心句的，把握好中心句有助于全篇的理解。中心句通常位于首段、尾段、首句或尾句，需要特别注意。

5. 理解作者意图：切勿将自己的意图强加到文章中，特别是在做主旨大意题时。

6. 注重原文：要尊重原材料中的信息、观点，并在此基础上答题；
不要理所当然、凭主观臆断答题，不要钻牛角尖。  典例一 【2019 • 湖北省荆门市】 What does it take to graduate from university? Some papers or high scores in exams? Well, these are not enough if you are a student at Tsinghua University. According to a new rule of the university, students must prove (证明) themselves in the swimming pool. They need to pass a swimming test of at least 50 meters, and those who fail the test will be required to take a swimming course throughout their school years. By the time they graduate, they will have known how to swim; otherwise they can’t graduate with their bachelor’s degrees(学士学位). The news made waves in Chinese social media (媒体). Some people praised the university for requiring a necessary skill that can save lives, and they also believed that the rule would help improve students’ health. However, others questioned if it was fair to expect those who come from inland cities (内陆城市) to be able to swim. In fact, this is not a new rule. Tsinghua University first made swimming a requirement in 1919 but later gave it up because the number of students became too large and there were not enough swimming pools in the school for them to learn swimming. Anyway, it is still good news that Chinese students’ health has become more and more valued. Why not just take this chance to learn one more life-saving ability? 26. According to the passage, what does it take for a student to graduate from Tsinghua university? A. Some papers. B. High scores in exams. C. Passing a swimming test. D. All of the above. 27. The underlined phrase ＂made waves＂ in Paragraph 3 most probably means _________. A. caused a heated discussion B. spread widely C. made a requirement D. proved the rule 28. Why did Tsinghua University once give up the rule? ① Because many students failed the swimming test. ② Because some people disagreed with the rule. ③ Because there were too many students. ④ Because there were not enough swimming pools. A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ①④ 29. What is the passage mainly about? A. Different people hold different opinions about a new rule. B. Tsinghua University has made a new rule of graduation. C. Chinese students’ health should be more and more valued. D. There is a new chance to learn another life-saving ability. 【文章大意】本文是新闻类阅读，介绍了清华大学的一项新规定，清华学生需通过50米游泳测试才能毕业，这一消息一经立即在社会上引发强烈关注。

26. D【解析】题意：根据这篇文章，一个学生从清华大学毕业需要什么条件?考查细节理解。根据第一段和第二段They need to pass a swimming test of at least 50 meters, and those who fail the test will be required to take a swimming course throughout their school years.可知，除了毕业论文和考高分外，清华学生必须通过至少50米的游泳测试才能毕业，ABC三项都是必须条件，故选D。

27. A【解析】题意：第3段中的划线短语＂make waves＂很可能意味着_________。考查词义理解。划线短语make waves本意是＂兴风作浪＂，根据段中赞成和质疑两种态度的对比，可知这一消息在社会上引起了激烈的讨论，caused a heated discussion符合段意，故选A。

28. C【解析】题意：为什么清华大学曾经放弃这一规则?①因为许多学生没有游泳测试。②因为一些人不同意这个规则。③因为有太多的学生。④因为没有足够的游泳池。考查细节判断。根据Tsinghua University first made swimming a requirement in 1919 but later gave it up because the number of students became too large and there were not enough swimming pools in the school for them to learn swimming.可知，后来由于学生人数过多，学校里没有足够的游泳池供他们学习游泳，清华大学放弃了这一规则，③④两点符合文意，故选C。

29. B【解析】题意：这篇文章主要讲的是什么?考查文意理解。根据短文，可知本文报道的是清华学生需通过50米游泳测试才能毕业这一消息在社会上引发的强烈关注，Tsinghua University has made a new rule of graduation.符合文意，故选B。

典例二 【2019 • 贵州省安顺市】 For many years, sales of garlic in California had been little because of the much cheaper garlic from China. This year, however, California garlic sales are rising because American government increases tariffs（关税）on Chinese products. Christopher, a garlic grower in California, is manager of his company and he said, “In a perfect world, we would love to see the tariffs on China.“ Tariffs on Chinese garlic rose from 10% to 25% on May 9,2019,and the reason is that U.S President Donald Trump increased tariffs on Chinese products worth of $200 billion. Since then, Chinese buyers have almost stopped buying soybeans from the United States and American soybean farmers are now getting worried. Not everyone likes the garlic tariffs in the U.S. Last July Christopher expressed his support on Trump’s policy（政策）. However, officials from McCormick and Company Inc. didn’t agree with the policy. McCormick’s CEO, Lawrence told Reuters（路透社）that without Chinese garlic America can’t go. Actually ,the trade war（贸易战） between China and America is a sign of American hegemony（霸权）,and it will destroy American economy and U.S government will lose its trust from other countries in the world. 21. From the passage we infer（推理）that ___________. A. America is buying garlic from China as much as before B. American soybean farmers make money as much as before C. China is still buying crops from America as much as before D. Garlic growers in California are making more money than before 22. Why is less Chinese garlic bought by America this year? A. Because enough garlic is grown in California. B. Because American government has increased tax（税收）on Chinese garlic. C. Because China is not buying soybeans from America. D. Because companies support American government. 23. What does the underlined word “it“ in the last paragraph refer to? A. China B. the trade C. American hegemony D. a sign 24. How much tariff did American government increase on Chinese garlic On May 9,2019? A. 15％ B. 25％ C. 10％ D. 35％ 25. According to the passage, who disagrees with the America policy of having tariffs on Chinese products? A. Christopher B. Donald Trump C. California garlic growers D. Lawrence 【文章大意】本文通过大蒜谈论中美贸易战。

21. D【解析】推理判断题。根据第1段For many years, sales of garlic in California had been little because of the much cheaper garlic from China. This year, however, California garlic sales are rising because American government increases tariffs（关税）on Chinese products.（多年来，由于中国的大蒜价格便宜得多，加州的大蒜销量一直很低。然而，今年，加州大蒜的销量正在上升，因为美国政府提高了对中国产品的关税。）可以推断出加州的大蒜种植者比以前赚了更多的钱；
故选D。

22. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第3段第1句Tariffs on Chinese garlic rose from 10% to 25% on May 9,2019,（2019年5月9日，中国大蒜的关税从10%上升到25%）可知今年美国购买的中国大蒜比较少是因为美国政府增加了对中国大蒜的税收；
故选B。

23. C【解析】细节理解题。此句Actually ,the trade war（贸易战）between China and America is a sign of American hegemony（霸权）,and it will destroy American economy and U.S government will lose its trust from other countries in the world.句意是：事实上，中美贸易战是美国霸权的标志，它将摧毁美国经济，美国政府将失去世界各国的信任。根据句意可知it指代＂美国霸权＂；
故选C。

24. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第3段第1句Tariffs on Chinese garlic rose from 10% to 25% on May 9,2019,（2019年5月9日，中国大蒜的关税从10%上升到25%）可知2019年5月9日，美国政府对中国大蒜增加了15%关税；
故选A。

25. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第4段第3句McCormick’s CEO, Lawrence told Reuters（路透社）that without Chinese garlic America can’t go.（麦考密克的首席执行官劳伦斯告诉路透社，没有中国大蒜，美国就不行。）可知，Lawrence（劳伦斯）不同意美国对中国产品征收关税的政策；
故选D。

典例三 (2018·安徽中考) Would you like to live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you, and self-driving cars will find the nearest parking space themselves? Although it might sound a little far from you, living in a “smart“ city like this could happen sooner than you think. Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries, while completely new cities are being built. One such place is the city of Songdo. Every home there will have a “telepresence system(远程遥控系统)—allowing users to control the heating and locks, take part in video meetings, and receive education, health care and government services. Around the city, escalators (自动扶梯) will only move when someone is on them, and offices and schools will all be connected to the system. The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco. In fact, technology companies around the world such as IBM, Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business. About 75% of the world’s population will live in cities by 2050, so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems. Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will in turn make cities greener, said Dan Hill, head of a research company. 53. According to the text, living in a “smart“ city ____________. A. is not a green way B. will be far from you C. will soon become true D. is completely impossible 54. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. A city of the future. B. A meeting in Songdo. C. A plan to build a house. D. A report on public health. 55. Which company offers the great mind to build Songdo? A. Cisco. B. IBM. C. Siemens.yagnoOLED. D. Microsoft. 56. Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to ____________. A. drive people out of cities B. control the world’s population C. develop his own company D. solve the cities’ coming problems 57. Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A. Future Education B. Smart Cities C. Government Services D. Famous Companies 【文章大意】文章讲述了未来的智能城市的生活情况。

53. C【解析】根据living in a ＂smart＂ city like this could happen sooner than you think可知生活在智能城市里，不久就会实现；
故选C。

54. A【解析】根据第二段的内容可知，主要讲述未来的生活是什么样的；
故选A。

55. A【解析】根据The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco可知选A。

56. D【解析】根据so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems. Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will in turn make cities greener, said Dan Hill可知认为是解决城市问题的一个方法；
故选D。

57. B【解析】根据文章讲述了未来的智能城市的生活情况。故选B。

A（2019年瑞安市玉海实验中学九年级上期中） About 96% of young people in the UK usually use the internet to communicate according to a survey of 24,000 British people aged 9—11. A report shows that only 40% of young people know that personal information shared online stays online forever. There are about 250 million tweets generated every day and around 800 million Facebook users — that means a lot of information is shared online. So are young using the internet safely? Do you know how to change your privacy settings on social media? For example, you can click the ＂flower’ icon＂or ＂settings＂ on Facebook to get to your privacy settings. Then you can decide who sees your posts and personal information: friends, friends of friends or everyone. Do you want everyone in the world to be able to see your email address or just friends? The BBC Share Take Care campaign is all about helping everybody, from little kids to the over 55s, to make their online activity safer and protect themselves on the web. The campaign says adults and teenagers need to be more careful with personal information and images online. Everybody knows that we should be polite and kind to people in real life and online. Unluckily this doesn’t always happen. Where can you report online abuse or unkind messages to yourself or your friends? Do you know how to report such messages online? For example, if you see an unkind tweet on Twitter you can click on＂more＂ and then choose ＂Report tweet＂. You then block all further tweets from that user. 1. How many young people know shared information stays online forever according to the report? A. Very few. B. Less than a half. C. More than a half. D. Almost everyone 2. The second paragraph mainly tells us ___________. A. how to use Facebook B. how to change our email address C. how to change our privacy settings D. how to protect our personal information 3. What’s the purpose of the BBC Share Take Care campaign? A. To help adults to surf the Internet. B. To help people to stay safe online. C. To help kids to protect themselves online. D. To help teenagers to be careful with their information 4. When you see an unkind message, you are advised to ___________. A. save it B. forget it C. ignore it D. report it B（河南省郑州地区2019年中招第二次模拟考试） Many people keep small fish as pets. They keep them in a tank of water. The tank is made of clear glass. People can look through it. They can see inside the tank and watch the fish. The fish need room. They must not be crowded. Fish need oxygen(O2) to breathe. Fish get it from water in the tank. There must be enough water for all fish. So the size of the tank is important. In the tank many people put small plants that are good for fish. They give oxygen to the water. Plants help in other ways, too. Fish can nibble（轻咬）on the plants. They hide among the plants and sleep, lay eggs there. The plants need light. Most fish need light too. The tank may be put near a window. It will get light there. Another place might be better, though. A window may let cold air in. The water in the tank may get too cold. The fish may die because cold water can kill them. So can hot water. The temperature must be just right. The fish must be kept in water all the time. Some fish can jump high. They may jump out of the tank. The tank should be covered. This keeps the fish from jumping out. The fish need food and they should be fed every day. Giving them too much food is bad. The extra（额外的）food will fall to the bottom and make the water dirty. However, the fish should get just enough food. They should finish the food in 10 minutes. Nothing should be left. When this happens, the amount（数量）of food is right. 5. A tank near the window may NOT be good for pet fish because ___________. A. no air can get in through the window B. pet fish will jump out of the window C. plants in the tank will grow too big D. cold air may make the water too cold 6. __________ is the least important to pet fish. A. Water temperature B. Sunlight C. The amount of food D. The size of the tank 7. Which of the following may cause pet fish to die? A. Too little room for fish. B. The plants in the tank. C. The light through the window. D. A lot of water in the tank. 8. The word ＂this＂ in the last paragraph refers to（指的是）___________. A. giving pet fish too much food B. giving pet fish too little food C. giving pet fish the right amount of food D. giving pet fish neither too cold nor too hot water 9. This passage mainly talks about _________. A. why fish must be put in a glass tank B. how people should keep their pet fish C. what kind of plants is good for pet fish D. how much food should be given to pet fish A 【文章大意】本文介绍了如何在网上保护自己的隐私以及如何安全上网。

1. B 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据A report shows that only 40% of young people know that personal information shared online stays online forever. 可知只有40%，也就是不到一半的年轻人知道个人信息在网上共享，永远保持在线，故选B。

2. C 【命题意图】归纳概括题。

【解题思路】根据Do you know how to change your privacy settings on social media?可知第二段主要讲述了如何改变我们的隐私设置，故选C。

3. B 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据The BBC Share Take Care campaign is all about helping everybody, from little kids to the over 55, to make their online activity safer and protect themselves on the web.可知BBC＂关爱行动＂是为了帮助人们安全上网，故选B。

4. C 【命题意图】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据For example, if you see an unkind tweet on Twitter you can click on ＂more＂ and then choose ＂Report tweet＂. You then block all further tweets from that user.可知当你看见不友善的短文，你可以选择了解更多，也可以阻止读该短文，也就是忽视它，故选C。

B 【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文，介绍了人们应该如何饲养他们的宠物鱼。

5. D【解析】题意：靠近窗户的水箱可能不适合宠物鱼，因为冷空气可能会使水太冷。考查细节理解。根据A window may let cold air in. The water in the tank may get too cold. The fish may die because cold water can kill them.（窗户可以让冷空气进来，水箱里的水可能会变冷而冷水可能会杀死宠物鱼），可知选D。

6. B【解析】题意：阳光对宠物鱼来说是最不重要的。考查细节理解。根据The tank may be put near a window. It will get light there. Another place might be better, though.（水箱可以放在靠近窗户的地方。那里会亮起来的。不过，换个地方可能会更好），可知阳光对于宠物鱼不太重要，故选B。

7. A【解析】题意：下列哪项可能导致观赏鱼死亡?考查细节判断。根据The fish need room. They must not be crowded. Fish need oxygen(O2) to breathe.，可知狭小的空间会导致缺氧，鱼缺氧会导致死亡，故选A。

8. C【解析】题意：最后一段中的＂this＂指___________。考查词义理解。根据上文Nothing should be left.，可知食物的数量正好，故选C。

9. B【解析】题意：这篇文章主要讲的是___________。考查主旨理解。根据短文内容，介绍了如何饲养宠物鱼，可知how people should keep their pet fish符合文意，故选B。

A You are visiting the Eiffel Tower in France, but the next second you are in Thailand. Then, suddenly you may have dinner with Barack Obama in America. But you are not dreaming. This is what might happen in the near future. With the help of virtual reality (VR，虚拟现实) technology, a lot of changes are taking place in our life. VR is a computer technology that makes an environment and allows users to see and even interact(互动) with it. Just wear a pair of VR glasses joined to your computer and you can experience a lot of things without stepping out of your room. ＂The most interesting part of VR is that it offers an immersive(身临其境的) experience,＂ said Wang Bing, leader of the Chinese entertainment company Funshow.＂That’s why VR movies are popular among users. You become a part of the story.＂According to the Report on Chinese VR Users’ Behavior last month, over 960,000 people in China have bought VR products and 83.2 percent of them have watched VR movies. VR can also be used in some other ways. It can help to train workers before they have to work in highly dangerous environments. VR also helps patients with acrophobia(恐高症) by making them think they are standing on the top of a tall building. However, VR technology still has a long way to go. Users report feeling sick while wearing VR glasses. Maybe it could take a period of time for VR to be widely used around the world. 1. With a pair of VR __________, users can experience many things at home. A. eyes B. shoes C. glasses D. ears 2. VR movies are very popular because they make the users ___________. A. become much healthier B. stand on the top of a tall building C. become a part of the story D. work in dangerous environments 3. To be widely used, VR glasses must solve the problem of ___________. A. making people feel sick B. providing an unreal environment C. costing too much money D. taking a long time to join to the computer 4. The best title of the passage may be ＂__________ ＂. A. Traveling with VR B. VR Changes Our Life C. VR Movies Get Popular D. VR Needs to Be Developed B Different gestures(手势) mean different things in different countries. Sometimes a gesture that is polite in one country is not polite in another and should not be used. Different meanings of gestures can also cause problems in understanding what another person is trying to say. A gesture that many people do not understand is one that uses the thumb. Most westerners will sometimes show that they like something by holding out a closed hand with the thumb lifting in the air. This is called give someone or something ＂the thumbs up＂. Often, only one thumb is used, so it should be ＂the thumb up＂. The usual explanation(解释) for the origin of this gesture is not really correct. It says that in ancient Roman times, when people were pleased with the way a gladiator(角斗士) had fought, they showed their thumbs up. When they were not pleased, they gave the thumbs down. When a gladiator was given the thumbs up, the emperor allowed him to live. When a gladiator was given the thumbs down, the emperor ordered him to be killed. The truth is, however, it was translated into a wrong meaning by mistake. If people wanted to save the gladiator, they put out their hands and hid their thumbs in their hands. If they wanted the gladiator to die, they pointed their thumbs straight at him. 1. Westerners lift their thumbs when they ________. A. want someone to die B. like something C. want to go to a playground D. want someone to live 2. Most people think that in ancient Rome, ＂thumbs up＂ meant that ________. A. the emperor could die B. the people wanted the gladiator to live C. the fighting could continue D. the people were not pleased 3. In fact, if people wanted a gladiator to live, they ________. A. hid their thumbs B. pointed their thumbs down C. lifted their thumbs up D. pointed their thumbs at him 4. From the article we know that ________. A. different gestures have different meanings in different countries B. a friendly gesture is always the same in different countries C. the meaning of ＂thumbs up＂ is the same both now and the past D. we should often use the thumbs 5. The main idea of this article is about ________. A. gestures around the world B. closed thumbs C. gestures in ancient Rome D. the thumbs­up gesture A 【文章大意】本文介绍了VR技术的应用及其神奇之处，也指出了其不足——戴VR眼镜时不舒服。

1. C 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第二段第二句＂Just wear a pair of VR glasses joined to your computer and you can experience a lot of things without stepping out of your room.＂可知应该是使用VR眼镜。故选C。

2. C 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据＂The most interesting part of VR is that it offers an immersive (身临其境的) experience,＂和＂You become a part of the story.＂可知VR电影很受欢迎是因为它们使用户身临其境，仿佛成了故事中的一员。故选C。

3. A 【命题意图】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据最后一段内容可知VR眼镜会使人感觉不舒服，因此必须解决这个问题，VR才能广受欢迎。

4. B 【命题意图】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】本文主要介绍了VR技术及其应用，第一段中的＂With the help of virtual reality (VR, 虚拟现实) technology, a lot of changes are taking place in our life.＂是文章的主旨，因此B项(VR改变了我们的生活)作为标题最佳。

B 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了一个手势在不同的国家有不同的意思。

1. B 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据Most westerners will sometimes show that they like something by holding out a closed hand with the thumb lifting in the air.大部分西方人握拳并伸出大拇指是为了表达他们喜欢某物，故选B。

2. B 【命题意图】词义猜测题。

【解题思路】根据When a gladiator was given the thumbs up, the emperor allowed him to live.当人们对一个角斗士做出大拇指向上的手势时，国王会让他活下去。故选B。

3. A 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据If people wanted to save the gladiator, they put out their hands and hid their thumbs in their hands.可知，如果人们想让角斗士活下去时，他们伸出手来，将大拇指藏进拳头里。故选A。

4. A 【命题意图】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据Different gestures(手势) mean different things in different countries.可知A是正确的；
Sometimes a gesture that is polite in one country is not polite in another and should not be used.可知B不对；
The truth is, however, it was translated into a wrong meaning by mistake.可知C不对；
文章只是介绍了大拇指的相关手势，没有要求我们经常使用大拇指，所以D不对；
故选A。

5. D 【命题意图】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】文章以大拇指的手势为例，告诉我们一个手势在不同的国家有不同的意思，故选D。

★题型概述 任务型阅读理解是中考必考题型之一，出题形式多样，常见题型有：根据短文内容来回答问题、还原句子、完成表格、判断正误和综合任务等。

★解题过程 阅读(信息输入)→判断、分析、概括、推理(信息加工与处理)→答题(信息输出)。

★解题技巧 一、明确阅读任务。明确所给的任务，带着任务去阅读材料。

二、读全文，了解大意。了解文章主要内容、文章感情基调、作者的意图态度。

三、读细节，逐题攻克。寻找细节，从原文找答案。精读细节，理解深层含义。

四、通读全文，仔细检查。

★答题要求 一、把握文章的内在逻辑关系，以文章提供的事实和观点为依据，立足原文，推断未知。

二、在答题时，总的原则就是：能简略回答，尽量简略回答。

三、书写要规范。句子开头首字母要大写；
标点符号要规范；
单词拼写要正确无误；
单词书写要认真。

典例一 （2019 •广州市） 阅读短文及文后A~E选项,选出可以填入46~50各题空白处的最佳选项。

Smoke alarms(报警器) House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children.___46___Kids must understand that they’d better not play with fire. You should keep matches and lighters out of their reach. ___47___ The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you’re asleep. You should have a smoke alarm outside each bedroom and on each floor of your home. You ought to have two plans for getting out of your house if there is a fire and practise these plans in the dark with your family. A smoke alarm warns you of the danger. ___48___Take action immediately. When you come to a closed door, check it with the back of your hand. If it feels hot, there may be smoke or fire behind the door, so take care. Once you are out of your house, call the fire department from a neighbor’s house. If a family member or a pet is caught inside, you shouldn’t go back in. Firemen know how to perform rescues safely. ___49___ Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working. A smoke alarm lasts about ten years. You ought to change it even if it seems to be working. About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms.___50___ A. Most of these deaths can be avoided B. But when you hear it, you don t have much time C. A smoke alarm is only good if it’s working properly D. So, it’s important to teach them that fire is a tool, not a toy E. A smoke alarm greatly reduces your chances of being hurt in a fire 【答案与解析】 【文章大意】房屋火灾每年都造成很多人死亡，并且很多火灾都是有儿童引起的，因此有必要教给孩子们不要玩火。为了以防万一，家里可以安装烟雾报警器，它能大大减少火灾中受伤的可能性。这篇短文对使用烟雾报警器给了我们一些建议。

46. D空前这句话House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children.提到“很多火灾都是由孩子们引起的”；
空格后Kids must understand that they’d better not play with fire提到“孩子们最好不要玩火”，前后为因果关系，因此这里应起到承接上文，并引出文章主题的作用，故应选D，意为“因此教给他们火是工具，而不是玩具是很重要的”。

47. E下句话The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you’re asleep提到了烟雾报警器的作用，这个空位于该段的第一句话，应该是对整段内容的概括，故应选E，意为“烟雾报警器大大降低了你在火灾中受伤的可能性”。

48. B根据空格前A smoke alarm warns you of the danger.可知，烟雾报警器可以警告我们有危险；
空格后的这句话Take action immediately.要我们马上采取行动，因此当你听到烟雾报警器响的时候，逃离的时间就不多了，故应选B，与空后形成因果关系。

49. C根据这一段的内容Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working.可知，这一段中告诉我们要注意更换烟雾报警器的电池，每个月应使用测试按钮，看看报警器和电池是否还在工作。故这一段是想告诉我们烟雾报警器只有在正常工作时才是管用的。故应选C。

50. A空格前About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms提到，大约有三分之二的火灾死亡事件都是由于没有烟雾报警器，A选项中的these deaths呼应了上句话的内容，故应选A，意为“大多数死亡案例是可以避免的”。

一、题型指导 阅读短文还原句子的文章一般为200—250词左右，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：
1. 学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。

2. 学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。

二、满分技巧 1. 解题步骤 （1）读选项，画关键词，暗排序。

（2）读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。

（3）先易后难来解题。

（4）回读文章定答案。

2. 得分技巧 （1）抓住过渡词，看住上下句。

（2）盯紧横线的前后词语。

通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略：
1. 养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。培养学生的阅读技能， 处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40-50个词为宜。

2. 注意常考点。平时练习多注意代词（如it，this，they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。

3. 解题技巧 通读全文，了解文章大意。根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。

1. 如果问题设在段首 （1）通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。

（2）与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。

（3）段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。

2. 如果问题设在段尾 （1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。

（2）通常是结论，概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词，如：Therefore， as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。

（3）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。

（4）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。

（5）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。

（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。

典例二 （2018 • 山东德州中考） In early spring, the changing temperature usually makes a number of Chinese people uncomfortable. Cold air, bringing rain or even snow, easily tears up(破坏) the warmth of the spring within a night(一夜之间). However, with the coming of Guyu-the Grain(谷物) Rain, the blue sky and gentle winds would finally stay. Falling usually on or around April 20 every year, Guyu is the sixth of the 24 solar terms(节气). It means the beginning of a lively summer and people get busy from now on. Sow(播种) grains This is an important period of the growth of grains. The ancient Chinese already knew that as Guyu comes, the weather will become warm enough for sowing. The farmers usually catch the chance to plant rice, corn and beans. Hope for safety and harvest For those living near the sea, they will hold some ceremonies(仪式) on Guyu, hoping for safety as well as harvest during the coming fishing season. Watch the peony It’s also a great time to see the peony(牡丹), which is known as ＂the Queen of All Flowers＂ in Chinese culture. As a result, watching peonies becomes one of the most enjoyable activities for many. The flower is said to be the favourite of Empress(女皇) Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty, who was the only woman ruler in Chinese history. Pick tea leaves Tea leaves picked before Guyu are among the best tea leaves. People believe that the tea leaves picked on the day of Guyu can make eyes clear and drive away bad luck. So the habit of drinking tea at this time of year has become a tradition in some places of China. 37. When does Guyu usually come every year? ___________________________________________________ 38. Why is Guyu an important time for sowing grains? ___________________________________________________ 39. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. ___________________________________________________ 40. List(列表) activities on Guyu according to the passage (at least two). ___________________________________________________ 41. Give a proper title to the passage. ___________________________________________________ 【文章大意】文章介绍了二十四节气中的第六个节气———谷雨。学科&网 37. It usually comes on or around April 20 every year. 【解析】细节理解题。＂When does Guyu usually come every year?＂意为＂谷雨通常每年什么时候到来？＂由文章第二段第二行＂Falling usually on or around April 20 every year＂可知，谷雨通常在4月20号或者4月20号前后到来。故答案是＂It usually comes on or around April 20 every year＂。

38. Because as Guyu comes, the weather will become warm enough for sowing. 【解析】细节理解题。Why is Guyu an important time for sowing grains? 意为＂为什么谷雨对于播种粮食来说是一个重要的时间？＂ 由文章第三段This is an important period of the growth of grains. The ancient Chinese already knew that as Guyu comes, the weather will become warm enough for sowing. 可知＂古代中国人就已经知道当谷雨来临时，天气会变得足够暖和，适合播种。又回答的是原因，要用 because…来回答。故答案 为：＂Because as Guyu comes, the weather will become warm enough for sowing.＂ 39. 结果，对于很多人来说，观赏牡丹成为最令人愉悦的活动之一。

【解析】Translate...into...把……翻译成……；
Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.意思是，把划线句子翻译成汉语。注意得分点，as a result结果；
one of...……之一；
the most enjoyable最令人愉悦的。故答案为＂结果，对于很多人来说，观赏牡丹成为最令人愉悦的活动之一＂。

40. (1)Sow grain. (2)Hope for safety and harvest. (3)Watch the peony (4)Pick tea leaves.(回答其中任意两条，即可得分) 【解析】题干的意思是，根据文章列举谷雨的活动。（至少两条）At least 至少；
故答案在大标题中任选两个即可(1)Sow grains，(2) Hope for safety and harvest. 41. (One/The sixth of the 24 solar terms-)Guyu/The Grain Rain 【解析】主旨大意题。题干的意思是，给文章起一个合适的标题。文章主要介绍了二十四节气中的第六个节气。故答案为：The sixth of the 24 solar terms —Guyu/ The Grain Rain 或者单纯写 Guyu 也可以。

解题技巧 1. 认真审题，明确题目要求。

首先阅读题目，明确题目中的关键词， 在阅读文章前对所要回答的问题有所了解。

2. 快速浏览文章，规范答题。

回答问题型任务型阅读需要利用题干中关键词，寻找文章中对应的关键词，在对应词周围寻找答案或者直接在文章中搜索答案。带着审题时对文章大意的了解以及问题快速浏览文章，以最快的速度在文章相对应的位置寻找相关信息。

3. 答题形式符合提问形式。

不同的提问方式需要不同形式的回答，在答案简洁的基础上还要注意结构的完整。一般疑问句要用yes或no作答；
特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答。

4. 仔细检查，确保答案。

完成所有答题后，需要再次速读一遍文章，核对答案，确保答案的正确性。需要注意，有些题目答案可以在原文中直接找出；
有些需要在原文的基础上，结合题目要求进行时态、语态、人称的转换；
有些需要进行归纳总结，把正确答案重新组织语言表达出来。

典例三 （2018 • 江苏连云港中考） 请阅读下面短文，在短文后表格中的空白处填上适当的单词(注意：每空一个单词)。

When we are talking to someone, we tend to change someone else’s mind to our way of thinking. And we may often find it difficult to do that. So here are five tips on how to change someone’s mind. The first one is never to turn the conversation into an argument. It should be a conversation where you show your opinions and the facts that you’ve collected. By showing them the facts, we want to tell other people that we are right. But emotionally, they may not totally agree with what you say. So when you are trying to change someone’s mind, try to keep it as a conversation and not an argument. The second tip is never to say that you are wrong. If someone makes a statement that you think is wrong, it’s better to point it out by saying, ＂I thought otherwise but I might be wrong, let’s look at the facts.＂ The key is to say that you might be wrong, not that you are wrong. This opens up the other person to look at the data again and shows them that you’re not bullheaded(顽固的) and that you’re not going to change your opinion. You’re showing them that you are open to new ideas and this is super important in changing someone else’s mind to your way of thinking. Tip number three is to get the other person saying yes as fast as possible. You may begin your conversation on hobbies that you guys have, something that they’re crazy about, something that gets them saying yes. Because the more that you get them to say yes now, the more likely they are to say yes in the future. A conversation like this will get them to start to like you and maybe even more open up to ideas that you have. It builds up trust between the two of you. Tip number four is to let the other person do a great amount of talking. If you let them talk more, you’re going to show that you actually care about their opinions and ideas, which will earn their respect in the end. By listening to them, you’re going to create a friendly relationship and build trust. So when you express your opinions, they will also show a willingness to listen. Never interrupt them when they are talking. Just listen patiently with an open mind, encourage them to talk even more and more so that when it’s your tum to talk, they’ll listen and say nothing. The last tip is to let the other person feel like the idea was theirs. It’s wiser to make suggestions and let someone else come to the conclusion, then they have a sense of pride that it’s their idea. Giving someone the data and letting them come to the conclusion let them feel like it is their idea and they are proud of it. Title: How to change someone else’s mind Introduction Though it is not 71 to change someone else’s mind, here are tips you can follow. Five 72 of changing someone else’s mind Keep it as a conversation and not an argument, or they may not totally be in 73 with you. Say that you might be wrong 74 of saying that you are wrong to show that you are open to new ideas. Try to get them saying yes as fast as possible, so they are more likely to say yes in the future. Create a friendly relationship and build trust so that when you express your opinions, they are willing to listen. Let someone else come to the conclusion and they will be 75 of it because they feel like it is their idea. 【文章大意】文章讲述了怎么改变一个人的观点的一些建议。

71. easy【解析】根据we tend to change someone else’s mind to our way of thinking. And we may often find it difficult to do that. So here are five tips on how to change someone’s mind.可知是不容易；
故填easy。

72. ways/methods/means【解析】根据So here are five tips on how to change someone’s mind.可知是5个方法；
故填ways/methods/means。

73. agreement【解析】根据But emotionally, they may not totally agree with what you say.可知是同意；
故填agreement。

74. instead【解析】根据it’s better to point it out by saying, ＂I thought otherwise but I might be wrong. The key is to say that you might be wrong, not that you are wrong.＂可知是代替，而不是；
故填instead。

75. proud【解析】根据then they have a sense of pride that it’s their idea.可知是自豪的；
故填proud。

一、题型指导 把语法知识测试全部放在语篇中进行，旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力，而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一定的阅读理解能力。

自由填空是中考短文填空中难度最大的，这种题目因题型的开放性和综合性而备受关注。试题特点是一篇短文挖空8-10个单词，且没有任何提示，让考生根据短文内容自由填词，难度较大，主观性较强，有时可能出现多种答案。

二、满分技巧 1. 解题步骤：
（1）快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单把握的空，可以先填出来；

（2）上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；

（3）通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。

无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。

（1）名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等。

（2）如果需要填入代词，就要考虑到是人称代词的主格、宾格或物主代词的变化、指示代词的用法；

（3）并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and, but, or等；

（4）两句之间，如果不是并列句，则很可能是主从句，因此需要填入从属连词（what,which, who, how, when等）。或者是宾语从句，定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词。这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构，分析到底是什么从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。

典例四 （2019 •大庆市） Arctic fox(北极狐) is a kind of small fox that lives in the Arctic. It grows about 50 centimeters(厘米) long, not including its tail, 30 centimeters tall and weighs from 3 to 7 kilos. The Arctic foxes are white or blue in color. The white ones are white in winter, but gray-brown in summer. The blue ones are blue-gray all year round. The Arctic foxes have long, thick hair that is called fur(毛皮). And the long fur covers their whole bodies, including both their cat eyes and rabbit feet, to keep them warm in the low temperature in the Arctic. The Arctic foxes feed mainly on birds, birds’ eggs and other small animals. Teamwork is the way they look for food, and they don’t like to do that alone. Baby Arctic foxes are very lovely. They don’t open their eyes until a week after their birth. For the first half of the year, their parents offer them food. They begin to look for food on their own when they are about six months old. The next year they can live alone. Today the number of the Arctic foxes is becoming smaller and smaller, because people kill them for their fur to make beautiful coats for money. Something must be done to protect the Arctic foxes. Answer the questions according to the passage. (必须使用完整语句作答) 66. What is the weight of an Arctic fox? ________________________________________________________ 67. What is an Arctic fox’s long, thick hair called? ________________________________________________________ 68. What do the Arctic foxes mainly feed on? ________________________________________________________ 69. When do baby Arctic foxes begin to look for food on their own? ________________________________________________________ 70. Why is the number of the Arctic foxes becoming smaller and smaller? ________________________________________________________ 【答案与解析】 【文章大意】北极狐是一种生活在北极的小狐狸。长约50厘米，体重3至7公斤。北极狐是白色或蓝色的。全身长满厚厚的皮毛。使它们在北极的低温下保持温暖。北极狐主要以鸟类、鸟蛋和其他小动物为食。团队合作是他们寻找食物的方式。由于人们的捕杀，北极狐的数量越来越少，必须采取措施保护北极狐狸。

66. It weighs from 3 to 7 kilos. 【解析】问题：北极狐的体重是多少？根据第一段最后的句子“and weighs from 3 to 7 kilos.”可知，北极狐重3至7公斤。故答案为It weighs from 3 to 7 kilos。

67. An Arctic fox’s long, thick hair is called fur./ It is called fur. 【解析】问题：北极狐长而浓密的毛发叫什么？根据第二段中的句子“The Arctic foxes have long, thick hair that is called fur(毛皮).” 北极狐的毛又长又厚，被称为皮毛。故答案为An Arctic fox’s long, thick hair is called fur./ It is called fur。

68. They feed mainly on birds, birds’ eggs and other small animals. 【解析】问题：北极狐主要以什么为食？根据第三段中的句子“The Arctic foxes feed mainly on birds, birds’ eggs and other small animals.”可知，北极狐主要以鸟类、鸟蛋和其他小动物为食。故答案为They feed mainly on birds, birds’ eggs and other small animals。

69. They begin to look for food on their own when they are about six months old. 【解析】问题：小北极狐什么时候开始自己寻找食物？根据倒数第二段中的句子“They begin to look for food on their own when they are about six months old.”可知，当小北极狐六个月大的时候，他们开始自己寻找食物。故答案为They begin to look for food on their own when they are about six months old。

70. Because people kill them for their fur to make beautiful coats for money. 【解析】问题：为什么北极狐狸的数量越来越少？根据短文最后一段中的句子“Today the number of the Arctic foxes is becoming smaller and smaller, because people kill them for their fur to make beautiful coats for money.”北极狐的数量越来越少，因为人们为了赚钱而杀死它们来制作漂亮的皮毛。故答案为Because people kill them for their fur to make beautiful coats for money。

典例五 (2018 • 黑龙江绥化中考) 根据短文内容判断句子的正误。正确的涂＂T＂，错误的涂＂F＂。

Do you have a nickname（呢称）? Most of us do by our looks, clothing, or personality. But for cities, the meaning of their nicknames has much more than that. Many big cities have nicknames, such as New York-The Big Apple, London-The Great Smog, and Rome-The Eternal（永恒的) City. Why do cities have such nicknames? In the 1920s, there were many races in New York. People called the prizes of these race apples. Writer John J. Fitz Gerald first called New York the Big Apple, because New York is the place that many people dreamed of going to for the biggest prize of all. For Rome, as the name suggests, the answer is simple, Romans believed that no matter what happened to the world, Rome would go on forever. Rome has been an important center of power for more than 2,000 years. As for London, in the Victorian period, it had problems with its air. Later in 1952, serious air pollution made 10,000 people fall ill. But now the air of London has become better. Does that sound interesting? Does your city have a nickname? 77. Most of us get our nicknames only by our looks. 78. The Great Smog is the nickname of London. 79. The nickname of New York was given by writer John J. Fitz Gerald. 80. Rome has been an important center of power for 2000 years. 81. Later in 1952, the air of London became better. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍很多大城市别名的由来。大多数人的别名都是基于我们个人的外表、穿衣风格、或个性。但是对于城市来说，他们的别名的含义远远不止这些。比如：纽约的别名是＂大苹果＂；
伦敦的别名是＂雾都＂；
罗马的别名是＂永恒之城＂。作者还介绍了这些城市别名的由来。

77. F【解析】根据第二句Most of us do by our looks, clothing, or personality我们大多数人因为我们的外貌，服饰，或者个性而有自己的昵称。故答案是F。

78. T【解析】根据第二段第一句Many big cities have nicknames, such as New York-The Big Apple, London-The Great— Smog, and Rome-The Eternal(永恒的)City很多城市有它们的昵称例如：纽约的别名是＂大苹果＂；
伦敦的别名是＂雾都＂；
罗马的别名是＂永恒之城＂。所以 The Great Smog is the nickname of London.是正确的，故答案是T。

79. T【解析】根据Writer John J.Fitz Gerald first called New York the Big Apple（作家 John J.Fitz Gerald最先称纽约为苹果城）,知 The nickname of New York was given by writer Johnl.Fitz Gerald.是正确的。故答案是T。

80. F【解析】根据Rome has been an important center of power for more than 2,000 years.罗马在2000多年里是重要的权力中心。知 Rome has been an important center of power for 2000 years（罗马是两千年里是重要的权利中心）是错误的，故答案是F。

81. F【解析】根据Later in 1952, serious air pollution made 10,000 people fall ill后来在1952年，严重的大气污染使10000人病倒。知 Later in 1952, the air of London became better.（后来在1952年，伦敦空气变得更好了）是错误的，故答案是F。

典例六 （2019 •湖北省黄石市） People in different countries speak different languages. But is there a lanuage that can be understood by everyone in the world? Emojis might be the first truly universal(通用的)language. Emojis are a kind of special language. Pictures are used to put meaning across. A group called the Unicode Consortium is in charge of choosing official(官方的) emojis. It has added new emojis every year since 2014. These new emojis do not come out of nowhere. They come from what people think about, like and care about. Emojis can be used to represent (代表) different groups of people. In 2015, emoji faces with different skin tones (肤色） were added. In 2016, different jobs were added, such as doctor, police officer and painter along with female versions of these jobs. This year, emojis of disabled people were added, including emojis of blind people and people in wheel chairs. But there is also more to emojis. They can also refer to pop culture and new cultural trends. New emojis in 2019 have included several animals, such as sloths（树懒） and flamingos (火烈鸟).These animals are not very common, but are known to many people. For example, sloths have become popular thanks to the 2016 film Zootopia (《疯狂动物城 》 ). Many fashion designers have included flamingos in their designs in recent years. This animal makes people feel like they’re on a tropical (热带） vacation. It seems that emojis are a mirror of the world we live in. It will be interesting to see how they change and grow in the years to come. 36. Emojis are a special language using the_____to put meaning across. (仅填1个词） 37. Where do new emojis come from?（回答不超过9个词） _____________________________ 38. When did emojis begin to show different jobs?（回答不超过2个词） __________________________________ 39. What kind of animals have been included in 2019?（回答不超过6个词） _____________________________ 40. 将画线句子翻译成汉语。

_____________________________ 【答案与解析】 【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要介绍表情符号的发展史。以及对它未来的期待。

36. pictures. 【解析】细节理解题。根据Emojis are a kind of special language. Pictures are used to put meaning across可知，表情符号是一种特别的语言，图片被用来表达含义。所以空处应填picture图片，且用复数，故填pictures。

37. They’re from people’s real life and thoughts. 【解析】细节理解题。根据These new emojis do not come out of nowhere. They come from what people think about, like and care about可知，这些图片来自于人们所想和所关心的事物，所以表示人们真实的生活和想法，故填They’re from people’s real life and thoughts。

38. In 2016. 【解析】细节理解题。根据In 2016, different jobs were added, such as doctor, police officer and painter along with female versions of these jobs可知，表情符号在2016年开始展示不同的工作，故填In 2016。

39. Animals such as/like sloths and flamingos./Animals known but not common. 【解析】细节理解题。根据New emojis in 2019 have included several animals, such as sloths（树懒）and flamingos (火烈鸟).These animals are not very common可知，在2019年新的表情符号包括一些像树懒和火烈鸟的动物，这些动物并不常见，故填Animals such as/like sloths and flamingos./Animals known but not common。

40. 看它们（表情符号）将来如何变化发展是很有趣的。

【解析】翻译题。根据句式可知，it作形式主语，真正的主语为to see how they change and grow in the years to come。in the years to come在未来几年，how如何，故填“看它们（表情符号）将来如何变化发展是很有趣的”。

（海南省海口市海口四中、海口十四中2019届九年级中考模拟）Peter was an inventor. His job was to invent new things, and he worked when he had an idea. His workroom was in his house, so he could work whenever he wanted to. Sometimes he worked seven days a week and sometimes he didn’t work for days. He did all his work right at home, but he left the house to go to meetings sometimes. Peter usually got up at about five o’clock. He made some tea and started to work at six. He drank tea all day— he couldn’t work without it — but he didn’t eat anything until in the evening. First, Peter cleaned the workroom and turned on the answer-phone because he couldn’t talk to people when he had an idea. Then he started to work. He usually had a rest after two or three hours, but he didn’t leave the workroom. He did something different to help him relax. Sometimes he did some exercise, and sometimes he listened to music. He usually stopped working at about nine o’clock in the evening. He thought about his work most of the time, even when he was out. He was interested in what was around him and he liked looking for new ideas and new problems to solve. 1. What was Peter?（根据短文内容回答间题） _____________________________________________________________ 2. Why did Peter turn on the answer-phone?（根据短文内容回答问题） _____________________________________________________________ 3. When did Peter usually stop working（根据短文内容回答问题） _____________________________________________________________ 4. 从文中找出与下面句子画线部分意思相近的词组。

His workroom was in his house. _________________________________ 5. The underlined word ＂it＂ refers to ____________________________ 【文章大意】本文通过介绍Peter是个工作努力，不浪费时间的发明家，来告诫人们珍惜时间。

1. He was an inventor. 【解析】根据原文Peter was an inventor可知Peter是个发明家，故答案是He was an inventor。

2. Because he couldn’t talk to people when he had an idea. 【解析】根据原文First, Peter cleaned the workroom and turned on the answer-phone because he couldn’t talk to people when he had an idea.因当他有一个想法时，他不能和别人交谈，所以打开了答录机，故答案是Because he couldn’t talk to people when he had an idea。

3. At about nine o’clock in the evening. 【解析】根据原文He usually stopped working at about nine o’clock in the evening.可知他通常在晚上九点钟左右停止工作。故答案是At about nine o’clock in the evening。

4. at home 【解析】in his house在他家里，和原文的He did all his work right at home 中的at home在家，意思一致，故答案是at home。

5. tea 【解析】根据原文He drank tea all day—he couldn’t work without it —but he didn’t eat anything until in the evening.可知这里的人称代词it指代的是前文出现的tea，故答案是tea。

A Many people run for exercise. But what will you do if you are not a ＂born＂ runner or jogger (慢跑者)? You may still want a kind of exercise that’s inexpensive and easy to do. Why not try walking?[ Walking requires no special equipment(装备). It is a kind of exercise that almost any normal, healthy person can do. Walking is good for your health like jogging or running; it will just take longer. Jogging and running make your heart work harder than walking. They also put more stress on your legs and feet than walking does. The problem with walking is that most people don’t take it seriously. But there’s a big difference between serious walking and the walking that most of us do. Walking, like jogging, should have a steady and continuous motion(稳健而持续的动作). If you want to get your exercise by walking, you need to have your own walking plan. After all, runners and joggers set goals for themselves. Walkers need goals, too. You also need to set a course to walk. Start by walking about 15—30 minutes a day. Increase your time and distance(距离) slowly. And try increasing your walking speed little by little. If you prefer to jog or run, follow the same advice. Start off slowly. Spend most of the first few days just walking. Then, start walking and running on the same day. Run or jog a short distance, then walk for a while, then, run, then walk. Follow that pattern for 15—30 minutes a day. Slowly make each run longer and each walk shorter. Later on, you can increase your distance, speed and exercise time. 任务一 将划线短语 a ＂born＂ runner 译为汉语。

任务二 列举两条Jogging和running对身体部位的影响。

1. make 2. 任务三 回答问题。What’s the problem with walking? 任务四 选出作者关于步行健身的两种建议，将字母代号填写在答题卡上。

A. Have a walking plan. B. Walk fast at the beginning. C. Start by walking an hour a day. D. Increase distance and speed little by little. 1. 2. 任务五 找出最后一段的主题句。

B Once upon a time, there lived a teacher in a small town. He often taught his students in special ways. Once he sent four of his students to go to a small farm to see apple trees in different seasons. The first student went in winter, the second in spring. The third in summer. And the last in autumn. After the four students came back, the teacher called them together. They pictured (描述) their feeling to the teacher. The first student said that there were no leaves on the trees. It made him very disappointed. The second student said his eyes were full of light green. It made him feel hopeful. The third one disagreed. ＂What are you talking about? How pretty the trees were! The sweet smell of the beautiful flowers spread(传播) here and there.＂ The last one shook his head. He only saw a lot of apples on the beautiful trees. The teacher smiled and told his students none of them were wrong. They each just saw one season. He continued, ＂The trees are not the same in different seasons. You can’t judge (判断) a tree by only one season. Don’t let the regret of one season destroy the beauty of the rest. Everything has different sides in our life. Don’t hurry to make a conclusion(结论) before seeing the whole of it. 根据短文内容判断正、误。

1. Four students were sent to see apples in different seasons. 2. The first student left for the small farm in winter. 3. The last student saw the beautiful trees with many apples. 4. The teacher thought his four students were completely wrong. 5. The passage mainly tells us that we should judge things by only one side. C As time goes by, are you still the same person you were? Many of you would think you are. 1 You could be a completely different person when you get old. Psychologists(心理学家) at the UK’s University of Edinburgh did the study on a group of Scottish people. 2 In 1950, a group of teachers gave over 1200 14-year-old students personality tests. 3 They were self-confidence, sense of responsibility ,perseverance（耐心）, strong wishes to win, creativity and moods(情绪). In 2012, researchers successfully found 174 of those 1200 students and gave them a test similar to the one they had received before. 4 They were surprised to find great changes to all six personality traits of these people. 5 It was ＂as if the second test had been given to different people.＂ the study reported. In the past, personality was widely believed to be unchangeable. This new study may bring some fresh ideas to the world. A. They tested six basic personality traits. B. Then they compared the then-and-now test results. C. They wanted to know if people’s personality was unchangeable. D. But according to a new study, your personality can change greatly. E. The younger and older self-seemed to be totally different for each person. F. The research found almost everyone’s personality changed when they grew old. D Title: Inner voice helps a lot throughout our lives. When you couldn’t open your mouth till the first two years on the earth, inner voice helps you understand things. Inner voice always shows thoughts and ideas in the body. It justifies （判断） what is right and what is wrong. When we go against inner voice, we usually feel uncomfortable throughout our lives. Sometimes when we are feeling sad, we seem to need some kind of support in spirit. We usually speak to our closest friend or our dearest family member during times of unhappiness to feel better. After talking to them, we suddenly feel active again, because our inner voice reminds us to get on with things and leave the things of the past in the memory. Inner voice is always right most of the time, because it knows us better than others and even ourselves. It’ s good to go by inner voice most of the time. Whenever you are trying to smoke, or whenever you are asked to choose one side in an argument, you are always worried about the result. During these times, your inner voice tells you what to do. If you don’t follow your inner voice, you might be unhappy in the future. It’ s our own choice to either pay no attention to our inner voice or follow it and search for real happiness. Title: Inner voice helps a lot throughout our lives. Passage outline Supporting details Introduction to inner voice Before we can talk, inner voice (1) _____ understand things, and shows thoughts and ideas in the body. Things that inner voice helps us with Inner voice tells us what is right and what is wrong. We usually have an uncomfortable (2)_____ throughout our lives when we go against inner voice. Inner voice reminds us to get on with things and leave the things of the past. (3)_____ why we should go by inner voice It knows us better than others and even ourselves. It tells us (4) _____ to do when we are always worried about the result of our choice. We might be unhappy in the future without (5) _____ our inner voice. E Students in the US don’t begin their spring break at the same time. It depends on where they live. While students from one town are on vacation, their neighbors in the next town may have classes as usual. You may have heard of it from many hit US TV shows and movies. It’s usually in the middle of March, when characters on shows like Gossip Girl get a week off from classes, go to the beach and throw big parties. It’s spring break or＂party time＂! Unlike our semester, which starts in late February or early March this year, American schools begin as early as January. So in late March and April, most American schools, ranging from kindergartens to colleges, give students one to two weeks off school. College students often take planes to places like Florida or Cancun, Mexico. They relax on the beach, enjoy cold drinks and get a tan. Younger kids take trips with their parents, visiting a new state or even a new country. Sometimes teachers lead overseas trips for groups of students. On a ten-day trip, for example, students may go on a tour through Spain, France, and Italy, which gives them a great chance to see different parts of the world. Having a ＂staycation＂, which means being a tourist in your own city, is another popular trend (趋势). You can visit local art galleries(美术馆), museums or have a big meal in a nice restaurant. For those who are not in the mood to go out, spring break is a good time to catch up with hit TV series or play video games. There are also students who want a different kind of spring break experience. Instead of partying, they choose to do community service, help with disaster-hit areas and do other volunteering work. No matter how they’ve spent the break, one thing is for sure — students return to school feeling refreshed (恢复活力的) and ready to finish the school year. 1. Students in the US begin their spring break at a different time, don’t they? 2. How long does the spring break usually last? 3. Where do college students often go during the spring break? 4. What’s the advantage of having a spring break? 5. If you are given the spring break, how will you spend it? Why? A 【文章大意】许多人跑步锻炼。该文作者就步行健身的建议是需要有自己的步行计划，逐渐地增加你的距离、速度和运动时间。

任务一 一位天生的赛跑者 【解题思路】考查英译汉。a ＂born＂ runner译作汉语是＂一位天生的赛跑者＂。

任务二 1. your heart work hard 2. put much stress on your legs 【解题思路】根据第二段中Jogging and running make your heart work harder than walking. They also put more stress on your legs and feet than walking does.可知，慢跑和跑步相比步行而言，更能增强你的心肺功能，给脚和腿带来的压力也更大。

任务三 The problem with walking is that most people don’t take it seriously. 【解题思路】根据第三段中The problem with walking is that most people don’t take it seriously.可知，关于走路，存在的问题是大多数人不认真对待它。

任务四 1. A 2. D 【解题思路】根据第四段的描述可知作者关于步行健身的建议是需要有自己的步行计划，逐渐地增加你的距离、速度和运动时间。

任务五 If you prefer to jog or run, follow the same advice. 【解题思路】最后一段的第一句话If you prefer to jog or run, follow the same advice.就是该段的主题句。

B 【文章大意】这篇短文主要介绍了一位老师让四个学生在不同的季节观看苹果树，学生得到了不同的结论。他想告诉学生一个道理：生活中的一切事物都有不同的方面。在你看完整之前不要着急下结论。

1. B 【解题思路】根据Once he sent four of his students to go to a small f arm to see apple trees in different seasons.可知是去看苹果树，而不是看苹果，故选B。

2. A 【解题思路】根据The first student went in winter可知第一个学生是在冬天出发去农场的，故选A。

3. A 【解题思路】根据The last one shook his head. He only saw a lot of apples on the beautiful trees.可知描述正确，故选A。

4. B 【解题思路】根据The teacher smiled and told his students none of them were wrong.可知老师认为他们没有人是错误的，所以所给的句子错误，故选B。

5. B 【解题思路】根据短文描述老师想告诉学生要从整体上去判断事物，可知所给的结论是错误的，故选B。

C 【文章大意】本文介绍了通过研究证明同一个人在不同年龄阶段的性格会发生巨变。

1. D 【解题思路】根据You could be a completely different person when you get old.可知当你变老了，你可能是不同的，因此你会发生变化，故选D。

2. F 【解题思路】根据Psychologists(心理学家) at the UK’s University of Edinburgh did the study on a group of Scottish people.可知此处是英国心理学家做了一项研究，故此处介绍研究发现的内容，故选F。

3. A 【解题思路】根据In 1950, a group of teachers gave over 1200 14-year-old students personality tests.可知此处介绍老师对学生的性格测试，故介绍测试的内容。故选A。

4. B 【解题思路】根据They were surprised to find great changes to all six personality traits of these people.可知他们发现这些人的个性特征发生了变化，因此他们把现在和那时的结果进行了比较，故选B。

5. E 【解题思路】根据It was ＂as if the second test had been given to different people.可知第二次测试仿佛是给完全不同的人进行的，因此每一个人年轻时的自己和年老时的自己是不同的。故选E。

D 【文章大意】本文叙述了心声可以帮助你理解东西，如果违背了心声，心里会感觉不舒服，心声可以表达出人们内心的思想和想法。

1. helps 【解题思路】根据inner voice helps you understand things. Inner voice always shows thoughts and ideas in the body.可知，内心的声音能够帮助人们理解一些事情，故用helps。

2. feeling 【解题思路】根据When we go against inner voice, we usually feel uncomfortable throughout our lives.可知，我们通常有不舒服的感觉，故用feeling。

3. Reasons 【解题思路】根据段意可知这里指的是原因，故用Reasons。

4. what 【解题思路】根根据句子缺少动词do的宾语，what作宾语，故用what。

5. following 【解题思路】根据介词without后用动词的-ing形式，故用following。

E 【文章大意】本文讲述了美国学生春假的情况，主要介绍了他们春假期间的活动。

1. Yes, they do. 【解题思路】由文章第一句可知答案。

2. For one to two weeks. 【试题解析】由第三段的最后一句可知，美国大多数学校会给学生一到两个星期的假。

3. They often go to places like Florida and Cancun. 【试题解析】由第四段的第一句可知答案。

4. Students feel refreshed and ready to finish the school year when they return to school. 【试题解析】由最后一段内容可知答案。

5. I will fly to the places like Florida because I want to enjoy the beach and sunshine. 【试题解析】根据文中学生们的活动回答即可。(任何合理的答案均可。) 1. 六一儿童节幼儿园活动，差点没找到自己的娃……幼儿园老师那化妆技术，全班都是金刚葫芦娃！ 2. 班主任很好说话，所以我们请假很简单！一次班会上班主任谈到大家的请假理由时说：＂你们请假回家我没有意见，居然有同学请假的理由是放假在家买的饼干快过期了，他要请假回去把饼干吃了！＂ 3. 与朋友们喝酒，结束时他们认为我喝醉了要送我回家，我坚决不同意，为了证明我没有醉，我就在马路边上做了套广播体操…… 4. 班长是个奇葩。上课的时候，后排一同学在听歌被老师发现了，随手扔个黑板擦砸过去，班长以迅雷不及掩耳盗铃之势接住黑板擦，帅气地说了一句：给我个面子。

考点分析 试题分析及预测 词汇是学习英语的基础，也是中考的高频考点之一。近几年来，许多省市的中考英语都非常重视考查考生在具体语境中运用词汇的能力。

1. 命题特点：主要考查一些高频词汇(如名词、动词、形容词等)；
考查各类词形变化；
考查六种时态的正确运用。

2. 考查题型：
(1)根据汉语提示完成句子；
(2)用所给词的适当形式填空；
(3)根据首字母提示完成句子；
(4)选词填空。

3. 词语运用题主要考查学生对于不同语境下英语词形的掌握情况，如对于名词要考虑单数、复数、所有格等形式；
对于动词要考查人称、时态、单复数、语态以及非谓语动词等形式；
对于代词，要考查代词的各种形式；
对于形容词或副词，应注意比较等级的变化；
对于修饰语，要注意用形容词修饰名词或代词，用副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子；
这一题型还常考查近义词的辨析。

4. 预计2020年中考将会加大对各类词汇的灵活运用及单词拼写能力的考查。

词语运用之解题策咯 要做好词语运用题要求我们除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需要掌握一定的解题技巧。

1. 在拿到题目后，不要急于做试题，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，同时对词意做初步的理解。

2. 通读句子，语意完整、实用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过理解句子语境，注意发现固定搭配关系，积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要填出相应单词或短语的正确形式。

3. 在填词过程中，需要深思熟虑，既要符合句子的含义，又要保证句式、结构的正确。例如，当选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或所有格形式。在遇到动词时，要有意识的去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化等等。

为了便于记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：
空前空后要注意，＂名词＂单复数要牢记， 还有’s不能弃，＂动词＂注意要变形， ＂形副＂注意变三级，要填＂数词＂请留意， 千万别忘＂基＂和＂序＂，填入＂代词＂需慎重， 五格变化要谨记。

4. 完成填词后，应通读句子，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态语态惯用法的错误，以确保答案的正确性。

词语运用是对学生的书面语言的基本功的考查，它不仅考查学生对单词的记忆能力，而且也考查学生对句子和特定语境中单词的正确形式的掌握。分析近几年的中考题型可以看出考查形式主要有单词拼写、词形转换、词语理解等。这一题型一般在中考中占5%～10%的分值。

词语运用之解题注意事项 下面就中考常见的四种题型分布详细阐述一下各个题型的做题策略和需要注意的地方。

一、根据汉语提示完成句子。

1. 首先要正确写出句子中所给汉语所对应的英语单词。

2. 若有两个以上的词汇符合所给的汉语意思，则要根据具体语境及固定搭配进行取舍。

3. 然后从语法角度确定英语词汇的适当形式。若填写的是名词，就要注意用名词的单数还是复数；
若填写的是形容词、副词，就要注意是否需要用比较级和最高级的形式；
如果是动词，就要注意它们的时态、语态等。

二、用所给词的适当形式填空。

该题型旨在考查考生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力，通常所采用的解题步骤为：明确所给词的词性→弄清所给句子的意思→确定空白处所需的词性→正确写出所填的词。具体操作方法如下：
首先，要认真阅读句子，正确理解句意。

其次，要分析应填词在句中充当的句子成分，正确判断应填词的词性。

再次，要判断所填词应采用的正确词性。若为名词，应注意其单复数、可数还是不可数及其所有格形式；
若为动词，应注意其人称、数、时态、语态及非谓语动词形式；
若为修饰语，应注意修饰名词或代词时用形容词，而修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句时要用副词；
若为代词，注意代词的各种形式；
若为形容词、副词，应注意等级变化；
若为数词，要注意基数词与序数词的正确选择。[来源:Zxxk.Com] 三、按照首字母提示完成句子。

1. 读懂句意，确定单词。所缺的单词一定是句中的关键词，一般多为名词或动词等实词。

2. 瞻前顾后，确定形式。

3. 检查所填单词的形式以及语法结构是否正确。

四、根据语境或句意，从方框中选词或短语填空。

该题型通常所采用的解题步骤为：明确所给词组或短语的含义→弄清所给句子的意思→确定空白处所需的单词或短语的意思→正确选出所填的词或短语。

根据汉语提示完成句子。

典例一 （2018 • 江苏宿迁中考）根据句意及所给中文提示、首字母或英文解释，写出句子所缺单词，每空限填一词。

46. Although she is in her_________(八十), Tu Youyou still keeps on doing research on medicine. 47. Zhu Zhiwen won a talent show called The Sound because of his excellent _________ (嗓音) and wonderful acting skills. 48. Before travelling, my mother often _________ (准备) everything well. 49. Neil’s coach gave him several suggestions to _________ (避免) getting lost. 50. Natural resources are very important for us and we should use them _________ (明智地). 51. According to a survey, the average number of _________ (日常的) steps of people across the world is 4,961. 52. It was _________ (粗心的) of my little brother to leave the door open when he went to the cinema last night. 53. As a wonderful volleyball p_________, Zhu Ting is known to people all over the world. 54. It’s _________ (not interesting) for me to stay at home all day long. 55. —Why are you in such a hurry, Cathy? —My dad and mum don’t _________ (let someone do something) me to stay out late. 【答案】 46. eighties【解析】句意：尽管她八十多岁了，屠呦呦仍然继续研究医学。in+one’s +基数词复数，表示“在某人……岁时”；
根据语境和汉语提示可知填eighties。

47. voice【解析】句意：朱志文凭借其出色的嗓音和杰出的演技赢得了一场名为《声音》的才艺表演。excellent优秀的/杰出的，形容词修饰名词；
根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填voice。

48. prepares【解析】句意：在旅行之前，我母亲经常做好一切准备。often经常，用于一般现在时。my mother是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式；
根据句意结构和汉语提示，可知填prepares。

49. avoid【解析】句意：尼尔的教练给了他几条建议以避免迷路。不定式短语to avoid getting lost作目的状语，根据句意结构和汉语提示，可知填avoid。

50. wisely【解析】句意：自然资源对我们非常重要，我们应该明智地使用它们。use使用，动词需用副词修饰，根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填wisely。

51. daily【解析】句意：据一项调查显示，全世界平均每天步行的人数为4,961人。steps脚步、步行，名词需用形容词修饰；
根据语境和汉语提示可知填daily。

52. careless【解析】句意：昨晚我弟弟去看电影的时候把门开着，太粗心了。It+be+adj. for(of) sb. to do sth.某人做某事……，是固定句式；
it是形式主语，缺表语形容词；
根据句意结构和汉语提示可知填careless。

53. player【解析】句意：作为一名出色的排球运动员，朱婷为全世界的人所熟知。wonderful出色的，形容词修饰名词；
volleyball player排球运动员，根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填player。

54. boring【解析】句意：整天呆在家里对我来说太无聊了。It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……，是固定句式；
本句缺表语形容词，根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填boring。

55. allow【解析】句意：——你为什么这么匆忙，凯西？——我爸爸妈妈不允许我在外面呆到很晚。don’t表否定，助词后接原形动词；
根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填allow。

典例二 （2018 • 山东济宁中考） 根据句意完成已给出首字母或汉语提示的单词，使补全后的句子意思通，语法正确。

16. In the north of China, leaves usually fall down when a_________ comes. 17. A p_________ at a school is a place for students to play and do sports. 18. In China more and more people r_________ shared bikes to and from work. 19. Don’t worry about the children. They are old enough to look after t_________. 20. People often fly kites on sunny and _________（多风的）days. 21. It’s a good habit to brush your _________（牙齿） after a meal. 22. The stamp I bought yesterday _________（花费）me 20 yuan. 23. When we left, the kids said goodbye to us _________（礼貌地）. 【答案】 16. autumn 17. playground 18. ride 19. themselves 20. windy 21. teeth 22. cost 23. politely 典例三 【2019 •广西北部湾经济区】 根括号内所给的中文提示，正确拼写单词。

46. The singer is good at playing the___________(吉他) and making wonderful music. 47. Bob and Jim have been good friends____________(自从) they joined the same tennis team. 48. The cinema was half__________(空的) because the movie was so boring. 49. Every time I want to give up, my parents always __________(鼓励))me to keep trying. 50. We will hold a party to say goodbye to our teachers next___________(星期三). 【答案与解析】 46. guitar 句意：这位歌手擅长弹吉他和演奏美妙的音乐。吉他guitar，play the guitar弹吉他，be good at doing sth.擅长做某事；
故答案填guitar。

47. since 句意：鲍勃和吉姆自从加入同一个网球队以来，他们一直是好朋友。自从since，后接某一确定的时间点，主句谓语动词是持续性动词，常与现在完成时态连用；
故答案填since。

48. empty 句意：电影很无聊，所以电影院只有一半的人。空的empty，形容词，用在系动词was后面作表语，构成系表结构；
故答案填empty。

49. encourage 句意：每次我想放弃的时候，我的父母总是鼓励我继续努力。鼓励encourage，动词；
由语境可知句子时态用一般现在时，主语my parents是复数，所以谓语动词用原形；
故答案填encourage。

50. Wednesday 句意：下周三我们将举行一个聚会向老师们道别。星期三Wednesday，next Wednesday下周三，故答案填Wednesday。

典例四 （2017 • 上海）Complete the following sentences as required（根据所给要求完成句子。每空格限填一词） 1. The invention of smart phones changed the world in many ways.（改为一般疑问句） ___________ the invention of smart phones _________ the world in many ways? 2. That amusement park has lots of tourists during the holiday.（就划线部分提问） _________ ________ that amusement park have lots of tourist? 3. The local government organizes the film festival every autumn.（改为被动语态） The film festival ________ _________ by the local government every autumn. 4. Shared-bikes are very popular in some big cities.（改为感叹句） __________ __________ shared-bikes are in some big cities! 5. ＂Have you ever been in a hot air balloon?＂ Melissa asked her mom.（改为宾语从句） Melissa asked her mom _________ she _________ ever been in a hot air balloon. 6. PM 2.5 does harm to people’s health and the environment.（保持句意基本不变） PM 2.5 is ________ ________ people’s health and the environment. 7. enables, various information, the Internet, to collect, teenagers（连词成句） _____________________________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1. Did, change 2. When does 3. is organized 4. How popular 5. if/ whether, had 6. harmful to 7. The Internet enables teenagers to collect various information. 典例五 【2019 •广州市】 根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。要求写出完整单词(每空限填一词) 51. —How o______ do you go to the library？ —At least once a week。

52. David studies hard. I am sure he can pass the English e_____. 53. When she first went to university, she felt very I _____ because she knew no one there. 54. We can I _____ a lot about pandas from different books and TV programs. 55. He likes all kinds of jokes because he has a great sense of h_____. 56. The boy fell behind, so he had to run to c_____ up with his father. 【答案与解析】 51. often 句意：-你多久去一次图书馆？-至少一周一次。根据下面的回答At least once a week可知，这里问的是去图书馆的频率，应用How often，意为“多久一次”，故这里填often。

52. exam 句意：David学习很努力，我确信他能通过英语考试。根据句意David studies hard…he can pass…“他能通过…”以及首字母可知，这里表示“通过考试”，故应填exam，是一个名词。

53. lonely 句意：当她第一次去大学的时候，她感到很孤独，因为在哪里她谁也不认识。根据句意because she knew no one there可知，她“感到孤独”，故应填lonely，形容词，在句中作表语。

54. learn 句意：在不同的书和电视节目中，我们可以了解很多关于大熊猫的事情。根据句意a lot about pandas from different books and TV programs可知，这里表示“了解…”，应用动词learn，空前有情态动词can，故这里填动词原形。

55. humor/humour 句意：他喜欢各种各样的笑话，因为他很有幽默感。根据句意He likes all kinds of jokes可知，这里应表示“他有幽默感”，humor或者humour两种拼写方式都可以，意为“幽默”。

56. catch 句意：这个小男孩落后了，因此他不得不奔跑来追赶上他的爸爸。根据句意The boy fell behind可知，这里应表示“追赶”，考查固定短语catch up with…，空前是had to，“不得不”，故这里填动词原形catch。

典例六 (2017·湖北宜昌) 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。

81. 共享单车的使用人数今年有望达到五千人。(number) ___________________ shared bike users is expected to reach 50 million this year. 82.中国天舟一号货运飞船长10.6米，可载重6.5吨（meter） China’s Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft is 10.6 _________ and can carry up to 6.5 tons of cargo. 83.所有的乘客都下了车，去帮助那位老人。（get） All the passengers ________ to help the old man. 84. 烧煤的工厂排出的大量黑烟还在污染空气。（pollute） Factories that burn coal still ______ with a lot of black smoke. 85. ＂一带一路＂以很快的速度增进了国家间的交流。（way） The Belt and Road has increased the communication among the countries ________. 【参考答案】 81.The number of 82.meters long 83.got off the bus 84.polluted the air 85.in a rapid/ fast way 典例七 (2017·重庆A)根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。

73. Mr. Hu is having a rest in his bedroom. (改为否定句) Mr. Hu __________ _________ having a rest in his bedroom. 74. They didn’t arrive on time because they got up late. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ they arrive on time? 75. It will take them about five years to build the high-speed railway. (改为同义句) They will _________ about five years in __________ the high-speed railway. 76. 库尔勒，新疆的一座美丽城市，以美味的香梨而著称。(完成译句) Korla, a beautiful city in Xinjiang, is __________ _________ its delicious pears. 77. 那些既没有手机，也没有电脑的日子了，让我对人生有了许多思考。(完成译句) The days when I had _________ phones __________ computers made me think a lot about my life. 【参考答案】 73. isn’t having 74. Why didn’t 75. spend; building 76. famous for 77. neither; nor/no...or 1. 做此类题目首先要正确写出所给汉语提示所对应的英语词汇。

2. 若有两个以上的词汇符合所给的汉语意思，则要根据具体语境及固定搭配进行取舍。

3. 然后从语法角度确定英语词汇的适当形式。若填写的是名词，就要注意用名词的单数还是复数；
若填写的是形容词、副词，就要注意是否需要用比较级和最高级的形式；
如果是动词，就要注意它们的时态、语态等。

用所给词的适当形式填空。

典例一 （2018 • 云南中考）根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。

46. Grace loves dancing. She wants to be a _________ when she grows up. (dance) 47. It’s important for everyone to know how to ask for help _________. (polite) 48. The young should learn to make decisions by _________. (they) 49. 2018 Football World Cup is being held in Russia now. It is the _________ Football World Cup. (twenty-one) 50. _________ are those who make you smile, always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed. (friend) 【答案】 46. dancer 47. politely 48. themselves 49. twenty-first/Twenty-first/21st 50. Friends 典例二 （2018 • 江苏徐州中考）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。（每空限填一个单词） 48. My cousin is good at_________（dance). 49. Their house is just like our house, but_________（we) has a bigger balcony. 50. Yuan Longping is one of the _________（great) people that have ever lived, I think. 51. I bought the computer _________（simple) because it was cheap. 52. I need ________（silent) when I am studying. 【答案】 48. dancing 49. ours 50. greatest 51. simply 52. silence 典例三 【2019 •大庆市】 Complete the sentences with proper forms of the words given. 51. There are many ways of ______ (get) information about Belt and Road（一带一路） 52. It’s _____ (danger) to play with fire. 53. In many restaurants, tea is ____ (serve) for free. 54. More and more people have realized the _____ (important) of China-Russia Heihe Bridge. 55. My mother and I went to the airport _____ (meet) my father yesterday. 56. “Dear, help ___ (you) to eat anything you like. “Mrs Li said to Mary. 57. Be sure to let Tom know the news as soon as he ___ (arrive). 58. Many foreigners, including ____ (Australia), are visiting Expo 2019, Beijing（北京世园会）. 59. We have prepared a beautiful cake for Tom’s ___ (nine) birthday. 60. How ____ (care) you are! You have left your book at home again! 【答案与解析】 51. getting 句意：获取“一带一路”信息的方式有很多种。of为介词，后跟V-ing形式，故答案为getting。

52. dangerous 句意：玩火很危险。It’s +adj.+ to do sth.是英语中常用句型，意思是“做某事怎么样”，故答案填写形容词dangerous。

53. served 句意：在许多餐馆，茶是免费供应的。主语tea与动词serve之间是被动的关系，助动词is后面需要加动词的过去分词，故答案为served。

54. importance 句意：越来越多的人认识到中俄黑河大桥的重要性。动词realize后面缺少宾语，需要由名词充当，故答案为importance。

55. to meet 句意：昨天我和妈妈去机场接爸爸了。动词不定式用作目的状语，故答案为to meet。

56. yourself 句意：“亲爱的，随便吃任何你喜欢的东西。”李太太对玛丽说。help oneself to eat...意思是“不要拘束，随便吃……”，这句话是对玛丽一个人说的，反身代词用单数形式，故答案为yourself。

57. arrives 句意：汤姆一到，确保让他知道这个消息。前面的句子是祈使句，as soon as引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来，主语he是第三人称单数，故答案为arrives。

58. Australians 句意：许多外国人，包括澳大利亚人，正在参观2019年北京世博会。主语“Many foreigners”表示的是人，故此处填写“澳大利亚人”，注意用复数形式，答案为Australians。

59. ninth 句意：我们为汤姆九岁生日准备了一个漂亮的蛋糕。在生日的前面要用序数词，表示某人多少岁的生日，故答案为ninth。

60. careless 句意：你真粗心！你又把书忘在家里了！How+形容词或副词，根据系动词are判断，应填写一个形容词；
再结合后面的句意“你又把书忘在家里了！”说明粗心大意，故答案为careless。

典例四 (2017·江苏南京)请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为46-50的相应横线上。

46. Wild animals which are now in danger need our ▲ (protect). 47. This machine can ▲ (translate) simple messages into 24 different languages. 48. My daughter is much ▲ (tall) now. The jeans she wore last year are already too short. 49. Libraries or reading corners ▲ (build) in hope primary schools along the way of Long March in a few years. 50. About 1,200 ▲ (guest) who were born in Jiangsu attended the first Jiangsu Development Summit in Nanjing. 【参考答案】 46. protection 47. translate 48. taller 49. will be built 50. guests 解答此类题目，应重点从语法角度考虑：
1. 名词：一般应考虑名词的单、复数形式和所有格形式。

2. 形容词或副词：这两类词学生极易混淆，做题时应仔细分析，慎重选择究竟用哪类词；
有时还要考虑到形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的变化。

3. 动词：首先应考虑动词的语态和时态。动词的变化形式较为复杂，一般有五种，即动词原型、第三人称单数形式、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。

4. 数词：根据具体语境确定用基数词还是序数词，特别要注意某些序数词的正确拼写。

5. 代词：主要从人称代词(主格或宾格)、物主代词(名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词)和反身代词等几个方面考虑，有时还要考虑用单数还是用复数。

按照首字母提示完成句子。

典例一 （2018 • 安徽中考）根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。

61. My grandparents are b__________ (忙碌) making zongzi for the Dragon Boat Festival. 62. Everyone has a__________ （角色）to play in making our country more beautiful. 63. The little boy is always keeping his bedroom clean and t__________ (整齐) . 64. A good hobby a__________（增加） a lot of fun to our spare life. 65. Please think t__________ (两次) before you hand in your paper. 【答案】 61. busy 62. role 63. tidy 64. adds 65. twice 典例二 （2018 • 广西贺州） 单词拼写：根据句子意思及所给的中文或首字母提示完成单词，请将完整的单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每空只能填一词。

46. This is a __________ (地图) of china. 47. Don’t worry about your grandma. There is __________ (没有什么) serious with her. 48. Mr. Miller is a very __________ (幽默的) teacher. His classes are very interesting. 49. There are about two __________ (千) students in our school. 50. Miss Li has __________ (教) us English for 3 years. She is very kind to us. 51. D__________ the summer vacation, we mustn’t go swimming alone in the river. It’s dangerous. 52. It has been 20 years s__________ I graduated from college. 53. Paul didn’t drive to the museum. I__________, he rode his bike. 54. In s__________, flowers come out and grass turns green. 55. Now all the students are w__________ down their resolutions and plans for the coming year in class. 【答案】 46. map 47. nothing 48. humorous 49. thousand 50. taught 51. During 52. since 53. Instead 54. spring 55. writing 典例三 (2017·湖北恩施) 根据句意和首字母提示，用单词的适当形式填空，毎空限填一词。（共5小题，计5 分） 66.   Christmas comes in the t__________month of a year. 67.  She practices the p____________of English words every day to improve her spoken English.[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K] 68. Yao Ming’s height give him a big a____________over other players. 69. G___________speaking, she has made great progress this time. 70. Government has p___________children in poor areas with food for free since 2011. 【参考答案】 66. twelfth 67. pronunciation 68. advantage 69. Generally 70. provided 典例四 【2019 •广西贵港市】 36．We can’t smoke in p　 　 It’s harmful to others． 37．We will try our best w　 　 we are successful or not． 38．Mark can a　 　 at the office on time every day． He is never late． 39．Helen didn’t go to Chongqing by plane． I　 　， she went there by train． 40．We will have a wonderful s　 　 vacation as soon as junior high school days are over． 【答案与解析】 36．public public公开的，in public在公共场所，固定短语；
结合首字母p和预猜句意“我们不能在公共场所吸烟．对别人有害“可知，要填“在公共场所“，故答案为public。

37．whether whether是否，whether…or not，固定搭配；
结合首字母w和预猜句意“无论我们是否成功，我们都将尽最大努力“可知，要填“whether“，故答案为whether。

38．arrive arrive到达，动词；
结合首字母a和预猜句意“马克每天都能准时到办公室，他从不迟到“可知，要填“到达“，在情态动词后面用动词原形， 故答案为arrive。

39．knew 由题干“Helen didn’t go to Chongqing by plane． I___， she went there by train．海伦没有乘飞机去重庆．我___，她坐火车去的．“可知，此句是一般过去时的并列句．因此可选用疑问词How，因此句子可变成：Helen didn’t go to Chongqing by plane． I knew， she went there by train，故答案为：knew。

40．summer summer夏天，summer vacation暑假；
结合首字母s和预猜句意“初中结束后我们将有一个美妙的暑假“可知，要填“夏天“，故答案为summer。

1. 读懂句意，确定单词。所缺的单词一定是句中的关键词，一般多为名词或动词等实词。

2. 瞻前顾后，确定形式。

3. 检查所填单词的形式以及语法结构是否正确。

选词填空。

典例一 （2018年浙江省绍兴中考）用方框中所给单的透当形式填空，每词仅用一次。

thirsty her grape since produce 31. How sweet these _________ taste! 32. Drink whenever you feel _________ during exercise. 33. That’s not Mary’s son. _________ has a round face. 34. Tea is _________ in many different areas in China. 35. We’ve been friends _________ we were at school together. 【答案】 31. grapes 32. thirsty 33. Hers 34. produced 35. since 典例二 （2018 • 贵州安顺中考）根据语境和句意，从方框中选出意思正确的短语并用其适当形式填空，使句子意思通顺完整，并将答案填入答题卡上指定的位置。

be famous for, take place, fall in love with, sound like, in agreement 61. The 2020 Winter Olympics _________ in Beijing, China. 62. To his surprise, Alex’s teammates all nodded _________. 63. Listen! It _________ a girl singing next door. 64. As soon as she reached Guizhou, Sara _________ it. 65. Anshun _________ Huang Guoshu Waterfall and its fresh air. 【答案】 61. will take place 62. in agreement 63. sounds like 64. fell in love with 65. is famous for 典例三 【2019 •南通市】 请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺。

satisfy she leaf decide lucky 51. I like autumn best especially when the _______ on the trees turn brown. 52. ______, the old lady was saved from a big fire by her neighbor yesterday. 53. Professor Li is quite _______ with his students’ creative inventions. 54. I would like to buy some beautiful hair clips different from___________. 55. You’d better think about it again because it is an important____________. 【答案与解析】 51. leaves 句意：我最喜欢秋天，尤其是当树上的叶子变成褐色时。这里是一般现在时态，谓语动词是原形，主要是复数，leaf树叶。复数是leaves，根据句意，故填leaves。

52. Luckily 句意：幸运地 ，这位老太太昨天被邻居从大火中救了出来。Luckily幸运地。根据句意，故填Luckily。

53. satisfied 句意：李教授对学生的创造性发明很满意。短语be satisfied with…表示对……满意。根据句意，故填satisfied。

54. hers 句意：我想买一些不同于她的漂亮的发夹。这里是说她的发卡，her clips相当于 hers，根据句意，故填hers。

55. decision 句意：你最好再考虑一下，因为这是一个重要的决定。根据an important可知下文是名词单数。decision的意思是“决定”，根据句意，故填decision。

典例四 【2019 •南通市】 请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。

communicate deal lie finish discover 56. We ____________ this beach while we were sailing around the island. 57. —There is something wrong with my computer. —Don’t worry. I____________ with it for you. 58. —Can you go walking in the park with me, Daisy? —Sure. I _____________my DIY project. 59. —Where is your daughter, Christopher? —She ____________ on the grass behind the house. 60. My aunt ____________ with a foreigner when I saw her in the street. 【答案与解析】 56. discovered 句意：当我们在环岛航行时发现了这个海滩。根据while we were sailing around the island.可知这里是一般过去时态。discover的过去式是discovered，根据句意，故填discovered。

57. will deal 句意：-我的电脑出毛病了。-别担心。我会帮你处理的。这里是一般将来时，其结构是will+动词原形，deal with …表示处理……，解决。根据句意，故填will deal。

58. have finished 句意：——-你能和我一起去公园散步吗，黛西？——当然。我已经完成了我的DIY项目。根据语境可知用现在完成时，其结构是have done的形式。根据句意，故填have finished。

59. is lying 句意：——你女儿克里斯托弗在哪里？——她躺在房子后面的草地上。根据语境可知用现在进行时，其结构是be doing的形式。根据句意，故填is lying。

60. was communicating 句意：当我在街上看到我姑妈时，我姑妈正在和一个外国人交流。这里是when引导的时间状语从句，从句是一般过去时态，主句是过去进行时。其结构是be doing的形式。根据句意，故填was communicating。

典例五 （2018 • 湖北恩施中考）仔细阅读下面五个句子，然后用方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使每个句子在结构、句义和逻辑上正确。(提示：选项中有一个是多余的。) used to / managed / both / on sale / succeeded / so that 46. Jay _____________ play computer games after class, but now he would rather go over his lessons. 47. My father and his brother have studied abroad, and ___________ are working in the same company now. 48. Our English teacher spoke louder ________ the students in the last row could hear her clearly. 49. It is said that the new model will be __________ next month. 50. The program has helped the poor return to live a normal life. Great, I don’t know exactly how they __________ it. 【答案】 46. used to 47. both 48. so that 49. on sale 50. Managed 1. 认真查看所给的单词，弄清楚每个单词的意思及词性。如动词一般作谓语、形容词常作表语或定语、副词作状语等。

2. 认真阅读所给的句子，弄清楚句子的结构及句子大意，特别是空格前后单词的词性，这很关键，因为空格前后的单词往往是选择所要填入空格的单词或短语的重要依据。

3. 根据句意，确定空缺选项在句中作何成分，然后从方框内选出最恰当的单词或短语填入空格内，最后再从语法角度确定其适当形式。

如何做词汇运用题：
1. 通读全句，确定意思。

2. 根据成分或结构判断词性。

3. 前后兼顾，依据成分及词性对单词形式做适当变化。

4. 全面考虑，不忘大小写。

题型一：根据汉语提示完成句子。

A （安徽省蚌埠市经济开发区2018届九年级上学期期中考试）根据句意完成已给出汉语提示的单词，使补全后的句子意思通顺，语法正确。

1. You can use the ________(剪刀) to cut the paper. 2. Can you tell me ________(确切的) what the story is? 3. There are two _______(警卫) in our school every day. 4. Mary won the first prize in the school competition. She is the _____(骄傲) of our class. 5. Tina’s mother _______(对待) her as a boy. B （湖北省长阳县龙舟坪中学2018届九年级上学期期中考试）根据所给汉语和提示词完成下列句子。

1. 有些狗就是不知道怎样玩乐。

Some dogs just don’t know ______________________________. 2. 我住得离学校很远。

I live _____________________________________________. 3. 下课后，我们经常在一起聊天或是在操场上玩。

After class, we often _________________________ or ______________________. 4. 早操有助于我们为一天做好准备。

_____________________ help us _______________________ the day. 5. 让这位学生带你参观一下校园吧。

___________________________________________________ the school. 题型二：用所给词的适当形式填空。

A(云南省曲靖一中2019届初三上学期期中考试) 根据句意，用括号中所给的词的适当形式填空。

1. It is ______ to speak loudly in public. (polite) 2. You should try your best to avoid ______ mistakes while taking an important exam. (make) 3. Computer is one of the greatest ______. (invent) 4. She is an excellent ______. (speak) 5. Mary, these are your ID cards. ______ are over there. (we) B(2019年松江区初中毕业生学业模拟考试) Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空限填一词) 1.These workers need to wear a special pair of ______________ to protect their eyes.(glass) 2.Tom,be brave and believe in ______________. It is the first step on your way to success.(you) 3.The students will do their ______________ report at the beginning of each English lesson.(day) 4.The journey to the top of the mountain is really tiring I can’t go any______________.（far) 5.He shouted ______________ at the kids and told them to go out of sight at once.(angry) 6. It was ______________of you to copy others’ answers in the examination.(honest) 7. We can always find a peaceful ___________ to the conflicts(冲突) between countries.(solve) 题型三：按照首字母提示完成句子。

A(安徽省六安市2018届九年级第二次模拟考试) 根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。

1.The local clubs are making every e__________(努力）to interest more young people. 2. —Wow! You’ve got so many skirts. —But n__________ of them are in fashion now. 3.We all know that a year is d___________ (划分）into four seasons. 4.I just hid behind my father and ever s____________(说) anything. 5.There is no d___________ (怀疑) that China plays an important role in the word. B(2018年浙江省杭州市中考模拟4) 根据下列句子及所给首字母，写出各单词的完全形式(每空限填一词)。

1.The number of the visitors to the West Lake has i___________ every year. 2.Leifeng has been d__________ for many years. But he still lives in our mind. 3.English is a w______ used language and more and more people all over the world begin to speak it nowadays. 4.Take it easy and there is still p_________ of time to get to the airport. 5.He told me his a_________ and asked me to wrote to him often. 6.Have you got the l_________ news? Could you tell me? 7.As we all know, April is the f_________ season of a year. 8.It is r________ cats and dogs, so we have to put off our yard sale. 9.The sports meeting which will be held next week will last three days, from Monday to W________. 10. I am much taller than Nancy, so I have to sit b_________ her. 题型四：选词填空。

A（浙江省台州市书生中学2019届九年级下学期期中考试） magic sleep nine month drink 1. I feel very tired and _________ because I stayed up last night. 2. This is my _________ time to visit Beijing and I’m very excited. 3. Her words had a _________ effect on us. 4. Doctors often tell us _________ more water every day. 5. After three _________ study, they worked out the physics problem. B（济南历城区2018届九年级一模试题） 请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺。

good in kinds life swimming Nowadays, after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in schools. We also have many (1)________of after-class activities in our school, such as English corner, playing basketball and (2)________. I take part (3) _________ the English corner, because it can help me make some new friends here. If you want to have after-class activities, I would like to share some advice. You’d better choose the activities which are (4) _________ for you. You ’d better choose what you like. Please relax yourself and enjoy the after-class activities. And your school (5) __________ will be colorful. 题型一：根据汉语提示完成句子。

A 【参考答案】 1. scisssors 2. exactly 3. guards 4. pride 5. treats B 【参考答案】 1. how to play 2. very far from school 3. chat; play on the playground 4. Doing morning exercises; get ready for 5. Let the student show you around 题型二：用所给词的适当形式填空。

A 【参考答案】 1. impolite 2. making 3.invention 4. speaker 5. Ours B 【参考答案】 1. glasses 2. yourself 3. daily 4. farther 5. angrily 6. dishonest 7. solution 题型三：按照首字母提示完成句子。

A 【参考答案】 1. effort 2. none 3. divided 4. said 5. doubt B 【参考答案】 1. increased 2. dead 3. widely 4. plenty 5. address 6. latest 7. fourth 8. raining 9. Wednesday 10. behind 题型四：选词填空。

A 【参考答案】 1. sleepy 2. ninth 3. magical 4. to drink 5. months’ B 【参考答案】 1. kinds 2. swimming 3. in 4. good 5. life 题型一：根据汉语提示完成句子。

A 根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词。

1. 医生给你量过体温了吗? Has the doctor _________ your _________ yet? 2. 独自一人在黑暗的森林里，金凤花姑娘摘了一些花。

_________ _________ in the dark forest, Goldilocks picked some flowers. 3. 昨天下午大卫感觉不舒服，很早就回家了。

Yesterday afternoon David _________ _________ and went home early. 4. 从2008年起，他开始忍受脚伤带来的痛苦。

From 2008 on, he _________ a lot _________ his foot injury. 5. 太阳及其行星统称为太阳系。

The sun and its planets are called the __________ _________. B 根据句意及括号内所给汉语提示写出单词的正确形式，每空一词。

1. The little girl broke the window __________. (意外地) 2. He got bad grades in the math exam. His parents were __________ him. (担心) 3. Olympic Games ________ every four years. (发生) 4. He looks up to those ________. (民族英雄) 5. ________ is the hottest topic all over the world at present. (环境保护) 题型二：用所给词的适当形式填空。

根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。

1. The robot staff working in the first ＂unmanned bank＂ need _______ (check) regularly to make sure they can serve the customers well. 2. A couple of days ago, President Xi Jingping attended the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference which is one of ________ (important) international conferences in 2018. 3. Without ________ ( pollute) by different kinds of litter, the water in Fu Xian lake remains clean and it attracts thousands of tourists to come. 4. The tickets will be sold out as soon as the new movie called The Avengers III ________ (show) in the cinema. 5. Almost _________ (believe), in a long beautiful dress, Cinderella looked like a real princess in the dancing party. 6. It’s necessary for a journalist to have a tape recorder used for recording his ________ (describe) when he watches a big event happen. 7. The high wind with a speed of 100 miles per hour ________ (blow) since yesterday, keeping us from going out enjoying the sightseeing. 8. The boy who is younger than the other students in the class will prepare to go into the _______ (nine) grade next term. 9. _______ (lose) in the mountains for a week, the two visitors were finally saved by the local police. 10. The guests all looked forward to _________ (eat) like a horse after having an endless discussion. 题型三：按照首字母提示完成句子。

A 根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。

1.The radio says it’ll be warm and s (晴朗的) tomorrow in Wuhu. 2. There are so many t (观光者) visiting the Fanta Theme Park on weekends. 3. Finally he a (同意) to offer his money to the villagers. 4. It’s a little expensive, but have you got a c (便宜的) one? 5.U (不幸地), she failed to catch the school bus this morning. B 1. When you go mountain climbing, the higher you get, the t the air is. 2. The teacher considered d our class into twelve groups, to that all the students can get more chances to practice. 3. The program Classic Singer(经典传唱人) is so fantastic that it is well w watching. 4. My grammar is so poor, so I always can’t use the language c . 5. What is the T-shirt made of? I can’t tell the m . 题型四：选词填空。

阅读下面5个句子，然后用方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使每个句子在结构和意义上正确。(提示：选项中有一个是多余的。) made up worried spend grew up compare nervous 1. I used to be _______ about tests all the time. 2. Wait before you buy that watch. Let’s _______ the prices in another store. 3. On Chinese New Year, people like to _______ time with their families. 4. She _______ in a small town, although she lives in a big city now. 5. I haven’t seen my cat for two days. I’m very _______ about her. 题型综合 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

Do you know Nick Vujicic? He is 1 Australian man who was born without limbs(四肢）, so life was not easy for him. At school many students played jokes 2 him because he looked different from everyone else. He was refused 3 (be) their friends, so he always felt unhappy. However, he faced that 4 (brave). He learnt to type and write with two toes at the age of sis, and he could even surf and 5 (play) golf. In college, he was one of the best 6 (student) in the studies. And he decided on what to do later in his life to encourage others to work hard for 7 (they) dreams. Now Nick is one of the most popular speakers in the world. He always says,＂ 8 (live) life happily is about looking at what you have, not 9 you don’t have.＂ His story 10 (encourage) millions of people. ＂I tell people to keep on getting up when they fall and to always love themselves,＂ he said. 题型一：根据汉语提示完成句子。

A 【参考答案】 1. taken; temperature 2. All alone 3. felt sick/bad 4. suffered; from 5. solar system B 【参考答案】 1. by accident 2. worried about 3. take place 4. national heroes 5. Environmental protection 题型二：用所给词的适当形式填空。

【参考答案】 1. checking/ to be checked 2.the most important 3. being polluted 4. is shown 5. unbelievably 6. description(s) 7. has blown 8. ninth 9. Lost/ Having been lost 10. eating 题型三：按照首字母提示完成句子。

A 【参考答案】 1. sunny 2. tourists 3. agreed 4. cheaper 5. Unluckily B 【参考答案】 1. thicker 2. dividing 3. worth 4. correctly 5. material(s) 题型四：选词填空。

【参考答案】 1. nervous 2. compare 3. spend 4. grew up 5. worried 题型综合 【参考答案】 1.an 2.on 3.to be 4.bravely 5. play 6. students 7. their 8. Living 9. what 10.encourages

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