[初中英语常考近义词同义词辨析] 同义词辨析英语

初中英语常考近义词同义词辨析练习（1） Many   much   more   a lot   a lot of (lots of) 1. How ______ bananas do you want?  2. How ______ fruit would you like to buy?  3. There aren’t ________ eggs in the basket.  4. There isn’t _______ milk in the glass.  5. I was ill yesterday. But I feel ____ better now.  6. We can learn ______ from the book.  7._______ of us like playing basketball.  8. Kate is ______ younger than Mary.  9. There is _______ rain in the spring than in the autumn here. 答案：1.many; 2.much; 3.many/a lot of; 4.much/ a lot of; 5.much; 6.a lot; 7.many; 8.much; 9.more 注释：many修饰可数名词复数；
much修饰不可数名词；
a lot of/ lots of 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词；
a lot 相当于名词，“许多”的意思；
more更多的，用于比较级，通常和“than”连用。

Some  any  no 1.Are there _____ eggs in the basket?  2.There is _______ milk in the glass, and you can drink it. 3. “Would you like _______ bananas?” “No, thanks.” 4. “Do you have ______ idea about it?” “No, I have ____ idea.”  5. Look at the children. _____ are singing, ______ are dancing.  6. We study Chinese, English, math, and _______ other subjects.  7. Chinese is more popular than _____ other subject.  8. I am tired and I can’t go _____ further. 9. I don’t feel ______ better now. 答案：1.any; 2.some; 3.some; 4.any; 5.no; 6.some/ some; 7.some; 8.any; 9.any 注释：some“一些”，一般用于肯定句中，有时也用在疑问句中表示希望得到对方的肯定回答；
any“一些”，用于疑问和否定句中；
no“没有”。

What   how 1.______ is the weather today?  2.______ is the weather like today?  3. I don’t know _______ to do.  4. I don’t know ______ to do it.  5. “______ do you like the food?” -  “Very much.” 6. _____ do you think of this movie?  7._______ do you like about china?  The people and the food.  8. He doesn’t know _____ to do with this broken bike.  9. Can you tell me _____ to deal with this problem?  10. “_____ is he like?” “He is serious and kind.” 11. “_______ does he look like?” “He is tall and has curly hair.” 答案：1.how; 2.what; 3.what; 4.how; 5.how; 6.what; 7.what; 8.what; 9.how; 10.what; 11.what 注释：询问天气有两个句型：how is the weather?/ What is the weather like? ; 3,4两个句子中从句部分，如果不定式”to do”后面不接任何名词或代词，从句引导词用”how”, 反之，则用”what”; 5句，询问程度用”how”; 6句，what do you think of + 某人/某事物——你觉得-----怎么样？；
8,9句与3,4句做法相同；
10,11句，固定句型：what is he like?他性格怎么样？/ what does he look like?他长什么样？ Have   has  there is  there are   is there   are there 1. How many minutes _____________ in an hour?  2. We ________ many flowers in our garden.  3._______ you an iphone5? = do you ______ an iphone5?  4. _____________ a blackboard and a lot of desks in the classroom.  5._____________ four seasons in a year.  6. One of my friends ______ a plane.  7.__________ a lot of milk in the bottle.  8.______________ three bottles of milk in the fridge.  9. He _____ a pen in his hand.  10.___________ any cheese on the plate?  11. ______________ any people in the classroom?  12. There ______ ______ a football match tomorrow.  13. There ______ _______ _____ a church here. (过去有).  14. There _______ _____ somebody in the office. (一定有)  答案：1.are there; 2.have; 3.have/ have; 4.there is; 5.there are; 6.has; 7.there is; 8.there are; 9.has; 10.is there; 11.are there; 12.will be; 13.used to be; 14.must be 注释：have, has“有”，主语只能是人，第一二人称及第三人称复数用have,第三人称单数用has；
there be句型也表示“有”的意思，4,5句要注意there be 句型的“就近原则”，即：be动词用单数还是复数要看其后的名词或代词是单数还是复数，如果是单数be动词就用单数，反之用复数；
7句，milk是不可数名词，be动词用单数；
8句，虽然milk不可数，但紧跟there be 句型后的名词是bottles（复数），所以按就近原则，应该用” there are”; 10句，cheese不可数，所以be动词用单数，11句中，people是可数名词复数（people单复数同形），所以be动词用复数；
12句，tomorrow 暗示事情应该发生在将来，所以用there will be（将来会有-----）；
13句，there used to be过去有------；
14句，there must be 一定有------ Good  well  fine  nice 1.Tom is a ______ boy .He plays football very _____ 2.He is ______ at math and she does _____ in English 3.It’s a ______ day. Let’s go for a walk 4.This kind of food is _____ to eat 5.Do you know tom? Yes , I know him very ______ 6.She sings _____ and dances ______ 7.How are you? ________________ thank you, and you? 8.He feels _______ enough to go to school now. 9.Sports are ______ for our health 10.The _______ teacher is always ________ to her students 答案：1.good/ well; 2.good/ well; 3.fine; 4.good; 5.well; 6.well/ well; 7.fine; 8.well; 9.good; 10.nice/ good 注释：四个词都有“好“的意思，good常用在名词前做定语，或用在”be”动词后面做表语，不能用在动词后修饰该动词；
well 可用在动词后修饰该动词，也可表示状态好，身体好；
fine 可形容天气好（晴朗），还可用来回答“how are you?你好吗？”表示自己很好；
nice 有“漂亮”的意思，常指外形（貌）好。注意几个固定搭配—— be good at = do well in 擅长做某事；
be good for 对-----有好处；
be good to sb. 对某人好；
be good to do sth. 做某事是有好处的 In  on  at 1.___ the evening of October 5th , I saw a car run into the river 2.___ a summer evening when he was on his way home, a big dog was following him 3.This story happened _____ a cold evening of January 1999  4.We usually do our homework ___ the evening 5.she likes to go out for a walk _____ night 6.______ a rainy night, I lost my way in a woods. 答案：1.on; 2.on; 3.on; 4.in; 5.at; 6.on 注释：在具体某天的上下午，晚上用”on”；
当”morning, afternoon, evening, night”前有词语修饰时，也用”on”；
in the evening(morning/ afternoon)是固定短语，此外注意”at night = in the night在晚上；

on the cold night”(当night前有词语修饰时也用“on”) Find  find out  look for 1. That’s my MP5. I lost it a moment ago. Who _____ it? 2. I ___ it just now, but I couldn’t ____ it. 3. I‘d like to make a trip to Thailand. Will you ____ what we can do there? 4. We must _____ who broke the glass of the window 5. What are you doing? I’m _____ my glasses 6.Think hard, and you will ____ the answer to the problem 答案：1.found; 2.looked for/ find; 3.find out; 4.find out; 5.looking for; 6.find 注释：find(过去式found)“找到”，强调结果；
look for“寻找”，强调过程；
find out“弄清楚，查明”。

See  look  look at  watch  visit  read 1. _____ out of the window, and you will ____ what you want 2. I don’t want to go so far to _____ a film on the cold night  3. Did you _____ yesterday’s football match? It was very exciting 4. She _____ around her and ______ nothing unusual in the room. 5. You ___ ill and you must go to ______ a doctor 6. _______! There is a beautiful bird on the lake 7. ________ the bird. It is badly hurt 8. We’re going to _______ my grandparents in Wu Han 9. What are you ________? Nothing, I’ m just thinking 10. The old man often ________ children play games in the park 11.看书 ______ books; 看报 _____ newspapers; 看望朋友 _______ friends  答案：1.look/ see; 2.see; 3.watch; 4.looks/ sees(looked/ saw); 5.look/ see; 6.look; 7.look at; 8.visit/ see; 9.looking; 10.watches; 11.read/ read/ visit(see) 注释：see“看见”，强调结果，注意两个句型——see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事；
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事（例如：I see a little girl dancing in the park我看见一个小女孩正在公园里跳舞; I see my friend clean the classroom我看见我朋友打扫过教室了），句2“see a film 看电影” 和句5“see a doctor看医生”，都是固定短语。此外，see还有“看望”“明白”“送别”的意思，例如：I see you are a kind man 我明白你是个好人/ see sb. off 送别某人 ；
look“看”，强调“看”的动作，后面不能接人或物，如果要表示看某人/某物，则要用“look at”；
观看比赛，表演或其他活动用watch(watch TV看电视)；
visit拜访/看望（某人），参观（某地）；
read“阅读”，用于读书看报看杂志等动词短语。

Hear  listen   listen to   hear of   hear from 1. When the little girl _____ someone coming close to her room, she stopped crying 2. Some people are sitting around the radio. They are __________ the important news 3. Alice went into a dark room she _____ but ______ nothing  4. I _____ that he’ll be back in a month 5. You must ______ the teacher in class. Yes, but I can’t ______ him clearly 6.____________! Someone is crying. Can you ____it?  7. Did you ____ him go out? 8. I’ve never ________ her I know nothing about her 答案：1.heard; 2.listening to; 3.listened/ heard; 4.hear of; 5.listen to/ hear; 6.listen; 7.hear; 8.heard from 注释：hear(过去式，过去分词heard)“听见”，强调结果，常见句型——hear sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事；
hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事; listen “听”，强调“听”的动作，其后不能接人或物，如果要表示听什么，则用listen to, 其后可接人/ 物；
hear of ----- “听说-----”（后面可接人或某事物，也可接that从句）；
hear from + 某人，“收到某人来信”，其后只能接人；

Wear   put on   in    dress 1.It is cold outside. __________ more clothes, or you will catch a cold 2.Look! She _____ a red flower on her head. How beautiful she is! 3.What size do you ________? I ________ large size. 4.When he learned the news, he quickly ________ his coat and his hat, and then went out  5.My English teacher usually ____ a pair of glasses 6.The girl ________ white is our monitor. 7.Mother told you to take off your dirty clothes and ____ clean clothes  8.You look cool _____ this dress 9.Could you _____ the children for me? 10.My daughter is old enough to _____ herself 11.After I get ____ quickly. 答案：1.put on; 2.is wearing; 3.wear/ wear; 4.put on; 5.wears; 6.in; 7.put on; 8.in; 9.dress; 10.dress; 11.dressed. 注释：wear“穿，戴”，强调穿着状态；
put on“穿上”，强调“穿”的动作；
in + 颜色形容词，表示穿某种颜色的衣服；
dress“穿”，dress sb.“给某人穿衣服”（其后不能接表示衣物的名词，只能接人）/ dress up 梳妆打扮/ get dressed 穿衣 Too much   much too   too many 1. This skirt is _____ expensive. I can’t afford it.   2. His father drinks_____ tonight.   3. You talk_____ in class.  4. Eating _____ is bad for your health  5. You are_____  kind to me.   6. Some boys spend_____time on computer games.   7. You have_____ “yang”, because you have _____oranges. 答案：1.much too; 2.too much; 3.too much; 4.too much; 5.much too; 6.too much; 7.too much/ too many 注释：too much“太多的”，用来修饰不可数名词/2,3,4句中”too much”的用法相当于一个名词，即“drink too much(wine)喝太多（的酒），talk too much 说太多（的话），eating too much(food)吃太多（的东西）；
much too “太-----”，其后通常接形容词，起到加强语气的作用；
too many“太多的”，用来修饰可数名词复数。

Must   have to 1. I_____get up before six o’clock. I am going to catch the train  2. You _____ be tired after a long walk  3. It’s raining, so I ______take the umbrella with me  4. Children _____ help their parents with the house work  5. Do you_____stay at home? Yes, I have a lot of homework to do. 答案：1.must; 2.must; 3.have to; 4.must; 5.have to 注释：must“必须”，情态动词，表示主观愿望或命令，还可表示可能性，表示可能性时通常翻译成“一定”(must be“一定是”)，否定形式mustn’t 只表示命令，即“不准”的意思；
have to“不得不，必须”，表示因客观原因而不得不-----，否定形式”don’t(doesn’t/ didn’t) have to” “不必” 初中英语常考近义词同义词辨析练习（2） Say   speak   talk   tell 1. He ______to me, “I’m going to see a film.”   2. “May I ______to Jack?” “Hold on a moment, please!”   3. They______with each other, but I don’t know what they are ______ about.   4. He______ me he was not at home last night..   5. Some Canadians can ______ both English and French.   6. It’s a bad habit to ______  lies.   7. I have nothing to  ______ 8. I can’t ______the difference between the twins. 答案：1.says; 2.speak; 3.talk; 4.told; 5.speak; 6.tell; 7.say; 8.tell 注释：四个词都有“说”的意思，say强调说话的内容；
speak to sb. 跟某人说话（常用用于电话用语中，如句2），speak 还可表示说某种语言；
talk to/ with sb. 和某人聊天/ 谈话；
tell“告诉”，常见句型—— tell sb. sth告诉某人某事，在句8中表示“分辨，辨别”的意思。

Hundred   hundreds of   thousand   thousands of   million   millions of 1. There are six ______ people on the playground..  2. ______  birds are in the park.  3.  ______ butterflies are dancing. 答案：1.hundred/ thousand/ million; 2.hundreds of/ thousands of/ millions of; 3.hundreds of/ thousands of; millions of 注释：hundred“百”, thousand“千”, million“百万”，都是数词，在表示具体数量时没有复数形式；
hundreds of“数以百计的，成百上千的”，thousands of“数以千计的，成千上万的”，millions of“数百万的” What   who 1. “_____ is he?” “He is a teacher.”     2. _____ does he do? He is a teacher. 3. _____ is he? He is our English teacher. 4. _____ do your parents do? They are both teachers. 5. _____ do you think the lady is? Maybe she is a nurse, I think. 答案“1.what; 2.what; 3.who; 4.what; 5.who 注释：who询问某人的身份，常用于句型”who + be + 某人？”，即“某人是谁？”；
what询问人的身份或职业，用于句型”what do/ does/ did + 某人 + do?”，即“某人是干什么的？” High   tall 1. The tall boy jumps very_____   2. He lives in a _____ building. 3. There are _____ mountains around my hometown.   4. Yao Ming is 2.26meters _____ 5. There is a _____ tree in front my house.   6. Look! Some birds are flying _____ up in the sky. 7. _____ price/ speed/ temperature. 答案：1.high; 2.tall/ high; 3.high; 4.tall; 5.tall/ high; 6.high; 7.high 注释：high, tall 都有“高”的意思，high只能指物高，tall能指人高也可指物高；
高价格（速度，温度）山高都用”high”. Mustn’t   needn’t   don’t need to   don’t have to 1. You mustn’t take this book out of the library. You can read it here. 2. Must I do my homework now?  No, you needn’t. 3. Do I have to finish the work today? No, you don’t have to. 4. You must help your mother with the housework, mustn’t you? 5. Need you go to see a doctor?  No, I needn’t. 6. You can go home now; you don’t need to clean the classroom. 答案：
注释：mustn’t“不准”，表示命令；
needn’t = don’t need to“不必，没必要”，前者中的need是情态动词，否定直接在其后加not，后者中的need是行为动词，否定要在其前加否定的助动词“don’t/ doesn’t/ didn’t”；
don’t have to “have to不得不，必须”的否定形式 Something   anything   nothing   everything 1. Is there anything wrong with this computer? 2. There is nothing wrong with this computer.= there isn’t anything wrong with the computer. 3. She likes to do something different 4. How is everything going? Everything goes well. 5. She is beautiful, I agree. But beauty is not everything. 6. I want something to eat, anything will do. 7. He decided to go there. Nothing can stop him from doing it  答案：1.anything; 2.nothing/ anything; 3.something; 4.everything/ everything; 5.everything; 6.something/ anything; 7.nothing 注释：something“某事，某物”，常用于肯定句中，用于句型”would you like something to do?”中，表示希望得到对方肯定的回答；
anything“任何事物”，用于肯定句，疑问句和否定句中；
nothing“什么也没有”；
everything“一切事物”，可用于任何句式。

注意，修饰something，anything的形容词必须放在它们的后面，做后置定语。

Don’t  doesn’t  not to  not  isn’t  won’t 1. The teacher told me _____ be late for school again 2. Will you please ______ draw on the wall? 3. Please ______ go across the road now. 4. The cake must be more delicious, _________? 5. Why ______ go out for a walk? = Why ______ you go out for a walk? 6. You’d better ______ sleep in class. 7. He’d rather ______ go to the party 8. He decided ______ go on a picnic with his class. 9. If it ______ rain tomorrow, we’ll have a sports meeting. 10. ______ forget to bring your homework to school. No, I______. 11. He will really work in the country, ______ he? 答案：1.not to; 2.——; 3.don’t; 4.isn’t it; 5.not/ don’t; 6.not; 7.not; 8.not to; 9.doesn’t; 10.don’t/ won’t; 11.won’t 注释：句1句8，tell sb. not to do sth.叫某人别做某事；
句3否定的祈使句都用助动词do的否定形式”don’t”开头；
句5句6，句型——why not do sth? = why don’t you do sth.? “为什么不----”（表建议）/ you’d better not do sth.“最好别做某事”；
句7would rather not do sth.“宁愿不做某事”；
句8，decide not to do sth.“决定不做某事”；
句9，if引导条件状语从句，主句用将来时，从句则用一般现在时表将来；
句10，前半句是否定的祈使句用”don’t”开头，后半句的意思是“是的，我不会（忘的）”；
句11，反义疑问句中陈述句部分是肯定句，疑问句部分要用“相应动词的否定形式+主语”的句式，因为该句子中的动词是情态动词will，所以疑问部分要用其否定形式”won’t” + 主语。

Few   a few   little   a little 1. Is there any milk in the bottle?  Yes, there is _______ 2. Sorry, I can’t answer your question. I know ______ about this subject.  3. That film is not interesting, so ______ people like it. 4. Do you speak Japanese? Yes, but only _______ 5. I’ve study Japanese for only ______ months.  6. Tom was ill yesterday, but he feels _______ better now.  7. All the students are busy, so ______ of them will go to the cinema.  8. Mr. White is very lonely. He has ______ friends, but he likes dogs and he has ______ in his house .he says his dogs eat much and drink ______ 9. He is a man of ______ words, that is, he talks ______ 10. In the past ______ years, there have been a lot of changes in my hometown.  11. There is _____ milk in this glass than in that one.  12. I picked ______ apples than you, but mine is better than yours. 答案：1.a little; 2.little; 3.few; 4.a little; 5.a few; 6.a little; 7.few; 8.few/ a few/ little; 9.a few/ little; 10.a few; 11.less; 12.fewer 注释：few“不多，很少”，修饰可数名词复数（比较级fewer/ 最高级fewest）；
little“数量少到几乎没有”修饰不可数名词（比较级less/ 最高级lest）；
a few“几个”，修饰可数名词复数；
a little“一点，少量”，修饰不可数名词，此外，a little还可以放在形容词比较级前，通常翻译成“-----一点”，例如：a little better 好了一点/ a little smaller 小了一点。

Borrow   lend   keep 1. You can ______ this book from the library.  2. I’ve ______ my bike to Li lei.  3. You mustn’t ______ this book to others. 4 4. You can _____ this book for two weeks.  5. May I _____ your pen?  6. How long may I _____ this book?  7. Will you ______ me your bike? = will you _____ your bike to me?  8. I have no money, can you _____ me some? 答案：1.borrow; 2.lent; 3.lend; 4.keep; 5.borrow; 6.keep; 7.lend/ lend; 8.lend 注释：这三个词都有“借”的意思，borrow指借进某物，常见搭配——borrow ---- from ----，从-----借进（某物）；
lend指借出某物，常见搭配——lend sth to -----，把某物借给-----；
要表示某物借多久，则用keep，它是延续性动词，其他两个词都为瞬间动词。

And  or 1. A man _____ a woman is going to give us a talk.  2. He is too young to know how to read ______ write.  3. Hurry up, _____ we’ll be late for school. = if we don’t hurry up, we‘ll be late for school.  4. Think hard, _____ you’ll know the answer to the question. = if you think hard, you’ll know the answer to the question.  答案：1.or; 2.and; 3.or; 4.and 注释：and“并且，和”，表示一种并列关系，连接两个并列主语，动词用复数形式，有时也可表示顺承关系，如句4，此时and通常不翻译；
or“或者”，表示“两个当中有一个”的意思，连接两个主语，动词用单数形式，此外它还有“否则”的意思。

Take   bring   carry  fetch  lift 1. It’s going to rain, Peter. You’d better _____ this umbrella with you.  2. Thank you. It’s very kind of you. I’ll _____ it back when I come next time.  3. Look! The woman is ______ a baby in her arms.  4. Shall I _____ you some tea? No, thanks. I like coffee better.  5. Waiter, please _____ me some bread and a glass of milk.  6. When you go shopping, you must _____ some money with you.  7. He is ill. We must _____ him to hospital at once.  8. Sorry, I left my homework at home. I _____ it here tomorrow.  9. One finger can’t _____ a stone.  10. The drunken man is lying in the middle of the road. Let’s ______ him to a safe place. 答案：1.take; 2.bring; 3.carrying; 4.fetch; 5.fetch; 6.take; 7.carry; 8.bring; 9.lift; 10.carry 注释：take“拿走，带走”，指把某样东西从一个地方带到另一个地方去；
bring“带来”，指把某物从别的地方带过来；
carry“搬，抬”，通常在表示抱着某人（物）时，也用carry；
fetch“取来（某物），接（某人）”；
lift“举起，抬起”。

Quite  quiet  quick 1. He drew ______ a nice horse.  2. Keep______, please.  3. I don’t ______ agree with you.  4. Let’s have a ______ meal.  答案：1.quite; 2.quiet; 3.quite; 4.quick 注释：这三个词形似义不同，quite“非常地，相当地”；
quiet“安静的”；
quick“快的，迅速的”。

So--- as   as---as    the same ----- as 1. This car is _____ expensive _____ that one.  2. This car is ___________ that one.  3. Tom didn’t go to school _____ early _____ Kate.  4. This shirt is _________ size _____ that one.  5. You have _____ much money _____ she.  6. You use ________ dictionary ______ she does.  7. There are _____ many flowers in this garden _____ in that one.  8. I like to have friends who are __________ me. 答案：1.as --- as---; 2.the same as; 3.as ---- as ---; 4.the same ---- as ----; 5.so ---- as -----; 6.the same ----- as -----; 7. so ----- as ------; 8.the same as 注释：
Town     city 1. He lives in a tall building in the _____ of Toronto.  2. Shanghai is the biggest______ in china.  3. Living in _____ is less healthy than living in the country.  4. He was born in a small _____ not far from the _____ of Changsha.  答案：1.city; 2.city; 3.town; 4.town;  注释：town指城镇；
city指城市 Another  the other  other  others 1. I don’t like this one. Will you show me ______ one?  2. All her _____ friends are waiting outside the door.  3. There are three books on the desk. One is mine, _______ two are yours.  4. Would you like ______ piece of cake?  5. The post office is on _______ side of the street.  6. There are many visitors in the park. Some are riding camels, ______ are taking photos.  7. Many students are in the classroom. Some are cleaning the windows, ______ are sweeping the floor. 8. You mustn’t lend this book to ______ . You can read it yourself.  9. We had fish, chicken, and some ______ delicious food for dinner.  10. ______ three bottles of beer, please. = Three ______ bottles of beer, please. 答案：1.another; 2.other; 3.the other; 4.another; 5.the other; 6.others; 7.others; 8.others; 9.other; 10.another/ other. 注释：another“另一（个），再一（个）”；
other“其他的”，泛指；
the other “其他的”，特指在某个具体范围内其他的某人或某物（试比较句3和句6）；
others “其他人，别人”。

In front of  in the front of  in font  1. The teacher is speaking to us ____________ the classroom.  2. The teacher is speaking to us ____________ us.  3. a lot of cars are parking _____________ the school when there is a parents meeting.  4. Six students are standing ______________ the classmates.  5. The driver was driving ______________ the bus when he saw a cow ___________ the bus.  6. There is a tall tree _____________ the house.  7. On the first lap, class three is_________.   答案：1.in the front of; 2.in front of; 3.in the front of; 4.in front of; 5.in the front of; 6.in front of; 7.in front 注释：in front of“在-----的前面”，指的是在某物以外的前面或在某人的前面，如句6——因为树是长在屋外的，所以用in front of；
in the front of“在----的前面”，指的是在某物内部的前面，如句3——汽车是停在学校里面的，所以用in the front of；
in front“在前面”后不能接某人或某物，用在be动词后表方位。

Careful  carefully  care 1. You must be more______. That car nearly hit you.  2. We must listen to the teacher ______ in class.  3. She is a_____ girl and does everything _______ 4. You must take good_____ of your things. Put them away.  5. Take______, and wish you a gook journey home. 答案：1.careful; 2.carefully; 3.careful/ carefully; 4.care; 5.care 注释：careful“仔细的，小心的”，是形容词，可用在名词前做定语也可用在be动词后做表语；
carefully“仔细地，小心地”，是副词，用在动词后修饰该动词；
care“照顾，照料；
小心”，此处用作名词，care 做动词时是“关心，在意”的意思，句4中“take care of”是固定搭配，“照顾，照料（某人/某物）”；
“take care”是动词短语，“小心，当心”。

初中英语常考近义词同义词辨析练习（3） In front of  in the front of  in font  1. The teacher is speaking to us ____________ the classroom.  2. The teacher is speaking to us ____________ us.  3. a lot of cars are parking _____________ the school when there is a parents meeting.  4. Six students are standing ______________ the classmates.  5. The driver was driving ______________ the bus when he saw a cow ___________ the bus.  6. There is a tall tree _____________ the house.  7. On the first lap, class three is_________.   答案：1.in the front of; 2.in front of; 3.in the front of; 4.in front of; 5.in the front of; 6.in front of; 7.in front 注释：in front of“在-----的前面”，指的是在某物以外的前面或在某人的前面，如句6——因为树是长在屋外的，所以用in front of；
in the front of“在----的前面”，指的是在某物内部的前面，如句3——汽车是停在学校里面的，所以用in the front of；
in front“在前面”后不能接某人或某物，用在be动词后表方位。

Careful  carefully  care 1. You must be more______. That car nearly hit you.  2. We must listen to the teacher ______ in class.  3. She is a_____ girl and does everything _______ 4. You must take good_____ of your things. Put them away.  5. Take______, and wish you a gook journey home. 答案：1.careful; 2.carefully; 3.careful/ carefully; 4.care; 5.care 注释：careful“仔细的，小心的”，是形容词，可用在名词前做定语也可用在be动词后做表语；
carefully“仔细地，小心地”，是副词，用在动词后修饰该动词；
care“照顾，照料；
小心”，此处用作名词，care 做动词时是“关心，在意”的意思，句4中“take care of”是固定搭配，“照顾，照料（某人/某物）”；
“take care”是动词短语，“小心，当心”。

Five minutes   five minutes’   five-minute 1. It usually takes me ____________ to go to school by bike.  2. It’s about ____________ ride to go to school.  3. After _____________ walk, they tot to the foot of the hill.  4. It’s about a _____________ walk.  5. The headmaster gave us a ____________ talk. It was very interesting.  答案：1.five minutes; 2.five minutes’; 3.five minutes’; 4.five-minute; 5.five-minute 注释：
Maybe  perhaps  may be  may  might 1. ______ you are wrong. = you _________ wrong.  2. ______ he is at home. = he _________ at home.  3. Where is Mary? She _______ running for exercise.  4. What are you going to do this Sunday? I’m not sure. _______ I’ll hang out at the mall.  5. He _____ know the answer. =  ______ he knows the answer.  6. What happened to Tom? We haven’t seen him for a week. He ______ have an accident, but I’m not sure. 答案：1.perhaps/ maybe = may be; 2.perhaps/ maybe = may be; 3.may be; 4.maybe/ perhaps; 5.may = maybe/ perhaps; 6.might 注释：maybe = perhaps“也许”,这两个词意思相同，用法也相同，都用在句首，表推测；
may be“也许（是）”，意思和maybe, perhaps差不多，可以相互转换，但may be 只能用在句中；
may和might在表示猜测时都是“也许”的意思，但may的语气要肯定些，可能性要大些，如句6，从“but I’m not sure”可以看出语气相当不肯定，所以用“might”。

Take   catch   by  in  on 1. Can I _____ the bus there?  2. Can I get there ______ bus?  3. He usually travels _____ train. But this time he went on trip _____ a car.  4. I usually go to work _____ my bike. But this morning I _____ the taxi to work because my bike was broken.  5. He will fly to Japan _____ the next plane.  6. If you run, you can ______ the early bus to the factory.  7. You can ______ the No.3 bus to the train station. 答案：1.take; 2.by; 3.by/ in; 4.on/ take; 5.in; 6.catch; 7.take 注释：这五个词都是表示乘坐交通工具的词汇，take + 冠词（a,an/ the）+交通工具；
by+交通工具；

In+冠词+交通工具（封闭式的，如car，bus等）；
on+冠词+交通工具（敞开式的，如bike），这几组搭配都是表示“乘坐------”，此外记住短语“on the board在船上；
on the bus在公交车上”；
catch + 冠词+交通工具，意思是“赶上-----”。

Day   date 1. What’s the ______ today? - It’s January 17th.  2. What ______ is it today? - It’s Friday.  3. ______ of birth, 20th April 1989.  4. I stayed at home all ______ last Sunday. 答案：1.date; 2.day; 3.date; 4.day 注释：day“天”，有复数形式，如three days三天；
date“日期”，没有复数形式。记住两个句型——what’s the date ?几月几号？；
what day is it ?星期几？ Too  also   either   so   neither(nor) 1. He likes sports and he ______ likes music. He likes music, ______. 2. I _____ want to go there. 3. You can swim, I can swim, ______ 4. You can skate, _____ can I.  5. Do you know the secret,______? No, I don’t know it, ______. 6. If you go there tomorrow, _____ shall I.  7. If you don’t go there tomorrow, ______ shall I.  8. If you don’t go there tomorrow, I won’t go,______ 答案：1.also/ too; 2.also; 3.too; 4.so; 5.too/ either; 6.so; 7.neither; 8.either 注释：too, also, either三个词都是“也“的意思，但用法不同—— too，用于肯定句，且位于句末，可以与as well相互替换；
either，用于否定句中，也位于句末；
also既可用于肯定句也可用于否定句，但它位于句中，具体位置——用在行为动词和情态动词前(如句1和句2)，be动词后，如：I am also an English lover，与also相关的常见搭配“not only-----but also----- 不仅-----而且-----”，如：Not only I but also she is good at playing.(注意就近原则，即：动词的单复数形式与离它最近的主语一致)；
so“如此，这样”，nether“不是如此，不是这样”，这两个词意思相反，都可用于倒装句，so代替的是肯定的内容，neither代替的是否定的内容，如句6和句7，注意与neither相关的常见搭配——neither------nor-----,“既不------也不-----”，如：neither she nor I am good at painting（该句型也适用于就近原则）。

Get    arrive    reach 1. Mr. Smith is on his way to England. He _____ to Moscow on Tuesday morning he _____ Paris in the afternoon and he will stay there for a few days. He will _____ in London on Saturday.   2. He ______ at the train station at 10:00 yesterday.  3. When they _____ to the school gate, the bell for class was ringing.  4. We must ______ there before the sun sets in the west.  5. They _____ Beijing at ten last night. 6. The apples on that tree are too high for me to_____ 答案：1.gets/ reaches/ arrive; 2.arrived; 3.got; 4.get/ reach/ arrive; 5.reached; 6.reach. 注释：该三个词都是“到达”的意思，但用法不同——get to + 地点；
reach+地点；
arrive in/ at + 地点(到达大城市用“in”，小地方用“at”)。如果地点是“here，there，home”等副词，则三个词都可直接用。

Not   no   any   nothing   none 1. They both want to make a trip, but he has _____ time, and she has not ______ money.  2. May I have some more coffee? - Sorry, there is ______ left.  3. _____ everybody in the USA is rich. _____ all balls are round in America.  4. What’s in the bag? - There is ______ in it.  5. How much money is there in my pocket? - There is ______. 6. What can you see in the picture? - ______.  7. How many birds are there in the tree? - ______. 答案：1.no/ any; 2.none; 3.not/ not; 4.nothing; 5.none; 6.nothing; 7.none 解析：not通常用在be动词，助动词或情态动词后，构成否定结构，句3中not everybody(everyone)“不是每个人-----”/ not all + 复数名词“不是所有的-----”，这些搭配都是表示部分否定；
no通常用在名词前，表示“没有”；
any“任何一个”或“一些”（作“一些”讲时，只能用于疑问和否定句中，代替some）；
nothing“没有东西”，是不定代词；
none“没有任何东西或人”，往往指代前面提到过的具体某物或某人。

In    after     later 1. He will come back____ three days.  2, He came back _____ three days.  3. He fell off the high building and died _____ three hours.  4. The film will start_____ four hours.  5. The film will start _____ four o’clock.  6. He can finish drawing a good horse____ five minutes.  7. The sun will come out _____ on.  8. Three days _____, he arrived at the village.  9. We may study in another school _____September. 答案：1.in; 2.after; 3.after; 4.in; 5.after; 6.in; 7.later; 8.later; 9.in 解析：in+一段时间，表示“在一段时间以后”，句子通常用一般将来时；
after后可跟时间段也可跟时间点，如句2和句5，表示“在某个时间段（点）以后；
一段时间+later，表示“一段时间以后”，late on “后来”。

Feel   felt   fell   fall     fallen 1. He went to bed at midnight and ______ fast asleep.  2. His bike was missing and he______ unhappy.  3. If you ______ into the water, the dolphin will come over to help you.  4. Ouch, I ______ terrible. I‘ve got headache.  5. At night, the temperature will ______ below zero.  6. The ground was covered with ______ leaves.  7. He ______ down and hurt his leg.  8. He had a cold and ______ too bad to go to school. 答案：1.fell; 2.felt; 3.fall; 4.feel; 5.fall; 6.fallen; 7.fell; 8.felt. 解析：feel“感觉”，过去式和过去分词都是felt；
fall“落下，跌落/ 下降/ 摔倒”，过去式fell，过去分词fallen（过去分词通常可用作形容词）。

Cross   across   through 1. It’s too dangerous to ______ the road now.  2. Walk _______ the bridge. You can’t miss it.  3. They are traveling ______ the forest.  4. He is strong enough to swim ______ the river.  5. Turn right at the second ______ 6. A few days ago a bird flew _______ window into my room.  7. Look! A big ship is running ______ the bridge.  答案：1.cross; 2.across/ through; 3.through; 4.across; 5.cross; 6.through; 7.through 解析：cross“（横着）从表面穿过”，是动词，当它作名词时是“十字路口”的意思；
across“横过，穿过”，是介词，通常用在动词后，表示从表面穿过，across还可表示“在-----对面”，例如：my home is across the supermarket. 我家在超市对面；
through指从某个空间穿过，也是介词，用在动词后。

All   whole 1. I waited _____ the week for him to answer.  2. I waited the ______ week for him to answer.  3. The ______ of my money was spent on the house.  4. ______ the students are doing exercises in the classroom. 答案：1.all; 2.whole; 3.whole; 4.all 解析：两个词都是“全部的，整个的”的意思，但用法不同，all可单独使用，whole必须和the连用，构成搭配the whole。

Both  either  each  neither 1. _____ answers are right.(两个答案都对)。  2. ______ answer is right. (两个答案都不对)  3. On ______ side of the road there are a lot of trees.  4. _____ of the shoes are the right size. They are either too small or too large.  5. _____ he and I are good at swimming.  6. ______ he or I am good at swimming.  7. ______ of the twins is not in the classroom. = ______ of the twins is in the classroom.  8. ______ twins are not in the classroom.  9. _____ students nor teachers like having classes on weekends.  10. Many students are in the classroom, and ______ of them is doing. 答案：1.both; 2.neither; 3.either/ each; 4.none; 5.both; 6.either; 7.each/ either; 8.both; 9.neither; 10.each 解析：both“两者都----”，通常构成固定搭配“both----and-----”；
neither“两者都不-----”，固定搭配“neither----nor-----”；
either“（两者中）一个-----”，固定搭配“either----or----”；
each“（两者或两者以上中）每一个-----” 初中英语常考近义词同义词辨析练习（4） So do I   so I do   so can I   so did I   so(neither) shall I  so was I  1. I like fish._________.  2. You like fish. _________. 3. If you go there tomorrow, __________ 4. If you don’t go there tomorrow, ____________ 5. You watched TV last night, ___________ 6. He can work out this math problem, _____________ 7. You was late for class,___________ 答案：1.so do I; 2.so I do; 3.so shall I; 4.neither shall I; 5.so did I; 6.so can I; 7.so was I  解析：so + 情态动词/ be动词/ 助动词（do/ does/ did） + 人称代词，表示“某人也是（这样），这是倒装句，具体用法——前面句子中的动词为行为动词，后面倒装句要用助动词来代替前面的动词，要注意助动词跟前面的行为动词时态要一致，例如句1和句5；
如果前面句子中的动词是情态动词或be动词，后面倒装句也要用同样的情态动词或be动词，例如句6和句7；
如果倒装句要表示“某人也不（这样）”，即否定的含义，只要把so改成neither即可；
so + 人称代词 + 情态动词/ be动词/ 助动词, 该句型为强调句，表示“某人确实如此 ”；
句3和句4因为是条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时，shall“将会（要）”用于第一人称。

Sleep   asleep   sleeping  bed  sleepy 1. The ______ baby is about ten months old.  2. it’s time for _______ = it’s time to go to bed. 3. Last night I went to ______ at 11:30 and went to _____ very soon.  4. When he came to see me, I was ______ in bed.  5. He was very tired and needed some ______ 6. As soon as fall ______, I always dreams that I do my homework.  7. I feel _____ now because I went to bed after midnight.  8. You look ______. What were you doing last night? 答案：1.sleeping; 2.sleep/ bed; 3.bed/ sleep; 4.sleeping; 5.sleep; 6.asleep; 7.sleepy; 8.sleepy 解析：sleep“睡觉”，可作名词也可作动词，常见搭配——go to sleep“入睡，睡着（表示刚进入睡眠）；
asleep“睡着的”，是形容词，但不能用在名词前，常见搭配——fall asleep“睡着”；
sleeping“睡着的”，也是形容词，用于名词前修饰该名词或用在be动词后表状态，例如句1和句4；
bed“床”，常和go组成固定搭配——go to bed“上床睡觉”，仅仅表示这个动作，睡没睡着不知道；
sleepy“困倦的，昏昏欲睡的”，常用于feel，look等感官动词或be动词后。

Stop (doing)   stop (to do) 1. After a long walk, he had to ____________________ a rest. 走了很长一段路，他不得不停下休息一会 2. He __________________ the stick, he fell behind. 他停下来去接棒，（结果）他被落在了后面 3. I turned on the radio and _________________________ it. 我打开收音机，停下来听 4. When the baby listened to the radio, she___________________. 当这个婴儿听收音机时，她停止了哭泣 5. There goes the bell. _______________ and keep quiet. 铃响了，停止说话，保持安静 答案：1.stop to have; 2.stopped to get; 3.stopped to listen to; 4.stoped crying; 5.stop talking 解析：stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事情”；
stop to do sth.“停下一件事去做另一件事”。

Remember (doing)   remember (to do) 1. Please _________________ the door when you leave. 当你离开时，请记得把门关上 2. Do you ______ your _____ the money back to him? 你记得你已经把钱还给他了吗？ 3. Have you returned the book to the library? - I _______________________ to the library. 你把书还给图书馆了吗？我记得我已经还了 4. Will you _________________ Jim to call me when he comes back? 当吉姆回来时，你记得叫他打电话给我吗？ 5. I __________________the door when I left. Who has opened it again?我记得我离开时关了门，是谁又把它打开了？ 答案：1.remember to close; 2.remember/ giving(returning); 3.remember returning; 4.remember to ask; 5.remember closing. 解析：remember doing sth.表示记得做过了某事；
remember to do sth表示记得要去做某事。

Try (doing)   try (to do) 1. __________ (get) up early, for we’re going to start our trip at six o’clock tomorrow.  2. If nobody hears you on the front door, ___________ (knock) at the back door.  3. Sometimes he ___________ (write) letters in English.  4. The dog ___________ (catch) the rabbit, but the rabbit ran into a hole quickly. 答案：1.try to get; 2.try knocking; 3.tries writing; 4.tried catching 解析：try to do sth. 尽量（力）去做某事；
try doing sth. 尝试着去做某事 Forget (doing)   forget (to do) 1. I will never forget _______ (meet) the famous pop star for the first time.  2. Don’t forget _______ (turn) off the light when you leave.  3. I forgot _________(post) the letter. It is still in my pocket.   答案：1.meeting; 2.to turn; 3.to post 解析：forget doing sth. 忘记做过了某事；

forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事 Mean (doing)   mean (to do) 1. I didn’t mean ________ with you.(argue)  2. Love means ______ (give) 3. I really mean _______ it. It is important for me.(do)  4. Being lazy means ______ behind others. (fall) 答案：1.to argue; 2.giving; 3.to do; 4.falling 解析：mean (doing) sth 意味着（做）某事；
mean to do sth. 打算去做某事 Take   spend   pay    cost 1. It often ______ me a quarter of an hour to go to school by bike. 2. I often ______ a quarter of an hour going to school by bike. 3. It ______ them three hours to hike to the top of the mountains. 4. They ______ half a year in building the bridge last year. 5. I ______ 1000 dollars on this used car. 6. I ______ 1000 dollars for this used car. 7. This old car ______ me 1000 dollars. 8. How long does it ______ to get to the moon by spaceship? 9. How much did it ______ you? 10. This diamond necklace ______ 2000 Yuan. 11. He ______ his holiday in his hometown. 12. It _____ us half an hour to clean the classroom yesterday. = We ______ half an hour to clean the classroom yesterday. 答案：1.takes; 2.spend; 3.takes; 4.spend; 5.spend; 6. pay; 7.cost; 8.take; 9.cost; 10.costs; 11.spends; 12.took/ spent 解析：take常用于句型——it takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 某人花多少时间做某事（it为形式主语）；
spend常用于句型——sb spend + 时间/ 钱 + (in) doing sth.或sb. spend + 时间/ 钱 + on sth. “某人花多少时间（钱）做某事；
pay通常用于句型sb. pay + money + for sth. “某人为某样东西付了多少钱”；
cost常见句型——sth.cost sb. + money + to do sth. “某物花了某人多少钱”。

注意：take，pay，spend的主语只能是人，而cost的主语只能是物。

have been to   have been (in)   have gone to   go    went 1. I _______________ the Great Wall twice? 2. How long ______ you ______ America? I _________ there for two years. 3. He _____________ Beijing and is coming back next Sunday; “when did he _____ there?” “He ______ there the day before yesterday.” 4. How many times ______ you ________ Beijing? - Only once. 答案：1.have been to; 2.have/ been in; 3.has gone to/ go/ went; 4.have/ been to 解析：have been to + 地点，“去过某地（人已经回来）”；
have been in + 地点，“一直呆在某地（强调状态的持续性）”；
have gone to + 地点，“去了某地（人不在这里）”。

ill   sick  worse 1. She must look after her ______ mother. 2. I feel ______ when I smell the food. It smells terrible. 3. He was ______yesterday; the doctor says he is much ______ today. 4. I’m glad you don’t feel any______; I think you’ll be all right soon. 答案：1.sick; 2.sick; 3.ill/ worse; 4.sick 解析：ill“生病的”，形容词，常用在be动词后做表语（表示生病的状态），如果用在名词前表示“的-----”，如she is an ill woman 她是个坏女人，a sick people 一个病人；
sick“生病的/ 恶心的”，可用在名词前，也可用在be动词和感官动词后，例如句1中sick mother生病的母亲，句2中feel sick感到恶心，句3中he was ill = he was sick；
worse是ill和sick的比较级，最高级是worst。

How long  how often  how soon  how far  how many times 1. _________ did the film last?  2. _________ can you be ready? - In a few minutes. 3. _________ has the film lasted? – For about twenty minutes. 4. _________ do you go to the bookstore? – Three times a month. 5. _________ has the train run since it left the station? - About 50 kilometers. 6. ___________ a week do you go shopping? – Five  7. _________ do you go shopping? - Once a week. 8. _________ will he come back? - In five minutes. 9. _________ can you jump? - Four meters. 10. ___________ were you late for school last term? - Never/ sometimes. 答案：1.how long; 2.how soon; 3.how long; 4.how often; 5.how far; 6.how many times; 7.how often; 8.how soon; 9.how far; 10.how many times 解析：how long, how soon“多久”，都是问时间长短，区别在于回答“how long” 的提问，通常用“for + 一段时间”，表示时间持续了多久，回答“how soon”的提问，通常用“in + 一段时间”，表示多少时间以后；
how often“多次”，问事情或动作发生的频率，回答通常为“once/ twice + 时间(两次以内)”，或“基数词(three/ four----)＋times + 时间（三次及以上）”，表示“多久几次”；
how many times “多少次”，是对一段时间内动作或事情发生的具体次数提问，回答用“基数词+time(s)”，time可省略，如句6；
how far“多远”，问距离。

Big   large  strong  heavy  great 1.大风 ______ wind; 2.大雨 ______ rain; 3.大雪 ______ snow.  4.数量多______ number;  5.人口多 ______ population; 6.面积大______ area;  7.大男孩______ boy;  8.大问题______ problem. 答案：1.strong; 2.heavy; 3.heavy; 4.large/ great; 5.large; 6.large; 7.big; 8.big 解析：记住这些固定用法。

Different    difference 1. She is always wearing a _____ hat every time I see her.  2. The two boys are ______ in their tastes. 3. This is ______ from that. 4. Can you tell me the ______ between American English and British English? 5. There is no ______ whether he will come or not. 答案：1.different; 2.different; 3.different; 4.difference; 5.difference 解析：different“不同的”，是形容词，常见搭配——be different from ---- “----与-----不同”；
difference“不同”，是名词。

Others   the others 1. I don’t like these. Please give me some _____;  2. Some like this, _____ like that. 3. There are five dictionaries on the desk. This one is better than _____ 4. You mustn’t lend this book to_____. 5. Two of these pears are mine, ______ are yours. 答案：1.others; 2.others; 3.the others; 4.others; 5.the others 解析：others“其它的（别的）人或物”，是代词，泛指其他的人或物；
the others也指代其他的人或物，但是特指在某个范围内的。例如句5，the others是特指在这些梨中，除去我的两个梨以外，剩下的其他的梨，是有范围限制的。

Would like   feel like  be like  look like 1. I feel terrible, and I don’t ____ _____ eating anything.  2. I _____ _____ to go to your party tomorrow, but I will be busy then. 3. Is your daughter lost? Tell me what she _____ _____ 4. do you know what the weather will _____ _____ the day after tomorrow、 5. Do you _____ _____ taking a walk with me? 6. What _____ he_____? He is very kind. 7. What does he_____ _____? He is young, handsome and strong. 8. I _____ _____ you to come to my home for dinner this evening. 答案：1.feel like; 2.would like; 3.looks like; 4.be like; 5.feel like; 6.is/ like; 7.look like; 8.would like 解析：would like to do sth.“愿意去做某事”；
feel like to do sth/ feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”；
be like的用法记住两个句型——1.问天气what’s the weather like?; 2.问人的性格what’s sb like?；
look like“看上去像----”，后接跟相貌或外观相关的形容词，如：beautiful, tall, big, small等，记住句7这个句型。

Too --- to   enough to   enough for 1. The ice on the river is _____ thin _____ skate on. = The ice on the river is thin _____ _____ skating on. 2. He is _____ tired _____ carry the big stone. 3. I don’t have _____ money _____ that car. 4. On the hillside there is _____ grass _____ cows and sheep. 5. The boy is _____ young _____ go to school. 6. This question is difficult _____ _____ me to answer. = this ques 7. He has taken some medicine and he feels well _____ _____ go to school. 答案：1.too --- to/ enough for; 2.too --- to; 3.enough for; 4.enough for; 5.too ---- to; 6.enough for/ too ---- to 1.enough to 解析：too + 形容词 + to do sth.“太-----而不能（做某事）”，如句1；
形容词+enough to do sth.“足够----而能去做某事了”，如句5/ have/ has+enough+名词+to do sth.“有足够的----去做某事”；
enough for+名词，其意思和用法可参照enough to 。

初中英语常考近义词同义词辨析练习（5） In   to   on  1. Shanghai is _____ the east of China. 2. Japan is _____ the east of China. 3. North Korea is _____the east of China. 4. Changsha is _____ the east of the Xiang jiang River. 5. _____ the north of Huai River there will be a strong wind. 6. Australia lies _____ the south of China. 7. Tibet is ____the west of China. 8. _____ the northeast, there will be heavy snow. 答案：1.in; 2.to; 3.on; 4.on; 5.to; 6.to; 7.in; 8.in 解析：三个词在此都是表示方位的介词，泛指在东南西北某个方向，用介词in，如in the east, in the south；
指在某个区域内的某个方向，也用in，例如句1；
两地接壤，一地在另一地的某个方向，用on，如果两地不接壤，则用to，例如句4和句6. Since   for   after 1. I haven’t seen him ______ he left. 2. He went to America ______ he finished high school. 3. He has been busy ______ two days ago. 4. He has been busy ______ two days 答案：1.since; 2.after; 3.since; 4.for. 解析：since + 过去时间点，表示“自-----以来”，主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，例如—— I have worked here since I graduated from college/ It is ten years since we met in the last time；
for + 一段时间，表示动作或事情持续了多久，常用现在完成时或过去完成时；
after +过去时间点，表示在某个时间点之后，主句用一般过去时，例如：I played basketball after I finished my homework./ after + 现在时间点，主句用一般将来时，例如：I’ll call you after I have breakfast; I will go shopping after six o’clock. Already   yet   still 1. Have you had your breakfast_____ ? No, I haven’t. 2. Where is the bus? The bus has ______ left. 3. Do you _____ teach in that school? 4. He is ______ standing there. 5. He is standing there ______. 6. Have you ______ had breakfast? 答案：1.yet; 2.already; 3.still; 4.still; 5.still; 6.already 解析：already, yet都有“已经”的意思，都用于完成时，already用于疑问句或肯定句中；
yet用于疑问句和否定句中，already一般位于句中，而yet一般位于句末，参照例句1,2,6；
still“仍然”或“不动的，静止的”，如句4，句5. Watch sb do sth.   Watch sb doing sth. (hear, see, make, let, have, notice) 1. Is Mr. Smith watching the students ______ (play) football on the playground? 2. He likes watching children ______ (play) football. 3. When I went into his room, I saw him ______ (wash) clothes. 4. Have you seen him ______ (leave) the classroom? 5. I often hear her ______ (play) this piece of music. 6. I heard some teachers ______ (talk) when I got to the office. 答案：1. playing; 2. play; 3.washing; 4.leave; 5.play; 6.talking 解析：watch“观看”，watch sb. do sth，表示看过某人做了某事/ watch sb. doing sth，表示观看某人正在做某事，感官动词hear“听见”，see“看见”，notice“注意，关注”的用法可参照watch；
make sb. do sth, 让某人做某事，后面接动词原形，在该句型中let，have的用法跟make一样。

Learn  study 1. Study hard, and you will _____ English well. 2. We must _____ from him. 3. He _____very fast. 4. What do you _____ English for? - For the country, for the people, or for yourself? 5. He wants to be a scientist and _____ dinosaurs.(恐龙) 6. When she _____ this good news, she felt happy. 答案：1.learn; 2.learn; 3.learns; 4.study; 5.studies; 6.learnt 解析：learn“学习，得知”，强调结果，往往含“学会”的意思；
study“学习，研究”，强调动作或过程。

Near   nearly 1. It is _____ six o’clock. Let’s go home. 2. The train station is quite _____. Don’t be in such a hurry. 3. There is a hospital _____ our school. 4. My home is _____ to school. It’s only five minutes’ walk. 5. Be careful. That car _____ hit you. 6. The train is coming _____. 答案：1.nearly; 2.near; 3.near; 4.near; 5.nearly; 6.near None  neither  either  nothing  no one 1. _____ of the fruit is delicious. 2. _____/ _____ of you watched carefully enough. 3. Will you give me some water? There is _____ in the cup. 4. If you don’t go to the concert, _____ shall I  5. I don’t like fish. _____ do I. 6. ______ likes a person with bad manners. 7. You haven’t been to America, and I haven’t, _____ 8. There is _____ interesting in today’s newspaper. 9. He has had _____ yet, so he is hungry. 10. Who telephoned me this morning? - _______. 11. How many students are there in the classroom? - ______ 12. It is _____ hot nor cold in the spring in my hometown. 13. _____ Tom or Mary has to clean the classroom. 14. I have _____ to do with this matter. 答案：1.none; 2.none/ neither; 3.none; 4.neither; 5.neither; 6.no one; 7.either; 8.nothing; 9.nothing; 10.no one; 11.none; 12.neither; 13.either; 14.nothing All right   that’s all right   that’s right 1. I’m sorry I forgot to bring you the book. - _________. 2. Shall we make a snowman? - __________ 3. The moon goes around the earth. - ____________. 4. It’s very kind of you. Thank you very much.- ____________. 5. You said you were from America. Is that so? - ____________. 6. Just a little cold. It’s nothing serious. You’ll be __________ tomorrow. 答案：1.that’s all right; 2.all right; 3.that’s right; 4.that’s all right; 5.that’s right; 6.all right Each   every   all 1. There are a lot of trees on _____ side of the road. 2. Not _____ man can do it. 3. _____ teacher was in the office and _____ did his work. 4. The film is interesting. _____ one of us wants to see it, and we all will buy our tickets. 5. _____ of us has our own ideas. 6. _____ of us agree with Kate. 答案：1.each; 2.every; 3.every/ each; 4.every; 5.each; 6.all So   such 1. This book is _____ interesting that I have read it twice. 2. Don’t be in _____ a hurry. 3. He is _____ a kind person that we all like him. 4. I hope never to have another ______ experience. 5. There are no _____ words as those in the dictionary. 6. This is _____ expensive a car that I can’t afford it. 答案：1.so; 2.such; 3.such; 4.such; 5.such; 6.so Sound   voice   noise 1. Don’t make so much _____. The baby is sleeping. 2. He said in a loud _____. 3. She has a beautiful _____. She sings very well. 4. Light travels faster than ______. 5. The man downstairs was woken up by the _____, he couldn’t fall asleep. 6. The _____ of the car is strange. There must be something wrong with it. 7. His _____ is too low for the students at the back row to hear. 答案：1.noise; 2.voice; 3.voice; 4.sound; 5.noise; 6.sound; 7.voice Dead   die   dying   death 1. His grandfather _____ last year. 2. _____ men tell no tales.(死人不泄密) 3. I saw a car hit a dog. One of the dog’s legs was broken and it was _____ 4. The _____ old man opened his mouth and wanted to say something. 5. In winter some plants will _____. In spring they will grow again. 6. He has been _____ for three years. 7. After his father’s _____, he was afraid of being alone. 8. After his father _____, he was afraid of being alone. 9. We are sorry for his_____. We will remember him for ever. 答案：1.died; 2.dead; 3.dead; 4.dying; 5.die; 6.dead; 7.death; 8.died; 9.death Work   job 1. He’s out of a _____. 2. He’s out of _____. 3. She is asking for _____ as a salesgirl. 4. We can finish the _____ on time. 5. It is difficult to get a good _____ these days. 答案：1.job; 2.work; 3.work; 4.work; 5.job In the end   at the end   by the end 1. How many English words had you learned ____________ of last year? 2. They went to visit the museum _____________ of last month. 3. ___________ the road you’ll find the hospital. 4. He tried many ways of making money and ____________ he became a businessman. 5. The war lasted four years. _____________ the north won. 6. We will have graduated from junior middle school ____________ this June. 答案：1.by the end; 2.at the end; 3.at the end; 4.in the end; 5.in the end; 6.by the end Be good at   be good for   be good to   be bad for 1. He _____ very ______ ______ me when I was ill. 2. All the teachers _____ _____ _____ us at school. 3. Sunshine _____ _____ ______ your plants.’ 4. Sports _____ _____ ______ our health. 5. He _____ _____ _____ playing basketball. 6. Reading in the sun _____ _____ ______ your eyes. 答案：1.was good to; 2.are good to; 3.is good for; 4.is good for; 5.is good at; 6.is bad for Very  quite  much  rather 1. This room is very clean. It takes ______ a long time. 2. It takes a _____ long time. 3. I _____ agree with you. 4. I’m _____ sorry to hear that 5. Math is _____ too difficult to me. 6. It is _____ colder today than yesterday. 7. I don’t like football _____ much. 8. Eating too _____ sugar is bad for your teeth. 答案：1.quite; 2.; 3.quite/ rather; 4.very/ quite; rather; 5.much; 6.much; 7.very; 8.much Pass  passed  past 1. He saw it happen when he walked ______. 2. There have been great changes in the _____ few years. 3. One and a half years have ______ since we last met. 4. You shouldn’t always live in the _____. 5. He was first _____ the finishing line. 6. He was the first to _____ the finishing line. 7. I’m sure you can _____ the exam. 8. He quickly _____ the stick to Jim. 9. I usually get up at half _____ six every morning. 10.Will you _____ me the salt, please? 答案：1.past; 2.past; 3.passed; 4.past; 5.passed; 6.pass; 7.pass; 8.passed; 9.past; 10.pass A number of  the number of 1. _____ _____ _____ pages in this book is two hundred. 2. _____ _____ _____ students have gone to watch traffic. 3. There are _____ ______ ______ people over there, watching the traffic accident. 4. Which language is spoken by ____ largest ______ _____ people in the world? (最多) 答案：1.the number of; 2.a number of; 3.a number of; 4.the number of 初中英语常考近义词同义词辨析练习（6） Fall  drop  throw 1. He ______ the letter into the post-box. 2. He _____ the cup on the floor, broken. 3. The cup _____ out of her hand. 4. He stopped to get the stick and of course ______ behind. 5. He _____ into the water. 6. Don’t _____ things at the animals in the zoo. 7. The temperature will ______ below zero in the night . 8. I was tired and I ______ fast asleep last night , Key: 1.drops; 2.drops; 3.falls; 4.fell; 5.falls; 6.throw; 7.fall; 8.fell Marry  get married  be married 1. She ______ a man with a lot of money. 2. A famous football player ______ her. 3. Tom and Mary ______ last year. 4. Tom and Mary have _____ _____ for a year. 5. Tom has _____ _____ with Mary for a year. Key: 1.married; 2.married; 3.got marred; 4.got married; 5.been married Strict in   strict with 1. Teachers should be ______ ______their work and shouldn’t be too _____ _____ their students. 2. We must be ______ ______ our study. 3. She is _____ ______ herself. Key: 1.strick in, strict with; 2.strict in; 3.strict with Spend on  spend in 1. Some boys ______ too much time ______ playing computer games. 2. Peasants in china _____ most of their money _____ food and clothing. Key: 1.spend/ in; 2.spend/ on Open  opened 1. Who has ______ the door? 2. He often sleeps with his eyes______. 3. I’ve just ______ the door. 4. The shop doesn’t ______ until eight o’clock am. 5. The door has been ______ for an hour. 6. The shop is ______ until nine o’clock pm 7. Leave the door _____ so that the cat can come into the room./ Key: 1.opened; 2.open; 3.opened; 4.open; 5.open; 6.open; 7.open Close  closed 1. When you wash your hair, you must keep your eyes ______. 2. This restaurant ______ at 12:00 pm. 3. That shop is _____ today. 4. ______ the door, please. Keep the cold out. 5. What time does this bank ______ every day? At five o’clock pm 6. How long has the door been ______? Abut ten minutes. Key: 1.closed; 2.closes; 3.closed; 4.close; 5.close; 6.close Surprise  surprised  surprising 1. It’s not _______ for him to fail the exam, for he was lazy. 2. They were ______ and happy to see each other after so many years. 3. To everyone’s______, he was very rude to his parents 4. We felt ______ to hear such surprising news. 5. What he said at the meeting _______ me. 6. There is something in the sky. Every body stopped to look at it in _______. Key: 1.surprising; 2.surprised; 3.surprise; 4.surprised/ surprising; 5.surprised; 6.surprised Hard  hardly  almost 1. This kind of wood is as ______ as metal. 2. She found it ______ to make up his mind. 3. I’m so tired that I can ______ walk. 4. He ______ ever goes to bed before midnight, 5. He worked as______ as he could. 6. ______ no one believed her. 7. There will be ______ enough space for any body else. 8. The speaker said ______ nothing worth listening to. 9. He ran so fast that he could ______ breather. Key: 1.hard; 2.hard; 3.hardly; 4.hardly; 5.hard; 6.almost; 7.hardly; 8.almost; 9.hardly Almost   nearly 1. Be careful! That car _____ hit you  2. It’s _____ eight o’clock. Let’s hurry. 3. _____ no one believed her. 4. The speaker said _____ nothing worth listening to. Key: 1.nearly; 2.nearly; 3.almost; 4.almost Near   nearly   nearby 1. Look, the train is coming _____ to the station. 2. Be careful! That car _____ hit you. 3. Don’t go _____ the edge. It’s dangerous. 4. It’s _____ one o’clock. Hurry up. 5. The factory is pouring dirty water into the river _____. 6. This medicine can be bought at your _____ drugstore. 7. The post office is quite_____. 8. There is a hospital _____ my home. Key: 1.near; 2.nearly; 3.near; 4.nearly; 5.nearby; 6.nearby; 7.near; 8.near A bit (a little bit)   a bit of   a little   kind of (a kind of) 1. She’s feeling _________ tired. 2. He’s not ________ like his brother. 3. You’ve got _________ cold. 4. The weather is ________ cold. 5. He knows _________ French. 6. It is _________ difficult to me. 7. She is good-looking but she’s ____________ quiet. 8. Why do you like koala bears? Because they‘re ___________ cute. Key: 1.a bit; 2.kind of; 3.a little; 4.a bit; 5.a little; 6.a bit; 7.a kind of/ kind of; 8.kind of When   while 1. The students were leaving school _____ they saw a truck coming around the street corner. 2. I was just about to go home _____ I found my bike missing. 3. ______ we arrived in Beijing, it was already 7:30. 4. ______ I was walking on the street, I met an old classmate of mine. 5. ______ mother came back, I was playing a computer game. 6. I was doing my homework ______ my mother was cooking. Key: 1.when; 2.when; 3.when; 4.while; 5.when; 6.while Please  pleased  pleasant  pleasure 1. It is difficult to ______ everyone. 2. The trip was ______ and everyone enjoyed themselves. 3. He is ______ with his job. 4. It was _____ for her to have the news of her family. 5. He spent a ______ afternoon last Sunday. 6. Will you join us? Thank you with ______. 7. Thank you for your help! It’s my______. 8. It gave me much _____ to hear from you. 9. He looked _____ with himself. 10. He was very _____ with this pleasant trip. Key: 1.please; 2.pleasant; 3.pleased; 4.pleasant; 5.pleasant; 6.pleasure; 7.pleasure; 8.pleasure; 9.pleased; 10.pleased/ pleasant Hope   wish 1. _____ you good luck with your English 2. _____ you success.＼ 3. Mr. Smith ______ to visit china in the future. 4. I _____ you to have a good time in America. 5. I _____ that you have a good time in America. 6. I don’t know Russian. I _____ I knew Russian now. 7. I _____ I could fly like a bird. 8. I _____ I could help you, but I’m very busy now. Key: 1.wish; 2.wish; 3.wishes/ hopes; 4.wish; 5.hope/ wish; 6.wish; 7.wish; 8.wish Make sb. do sth.     Be made to do sth. 1. The tiger _____ one of the smaller animals _____ food to him. 老虎让小动物带食物给它（吃）；

2. He often tells jokes to _____ people ______ 他经常讲笑话使人们笑；

3. The boss _____ the workers _____ fourteen hours a day.老板让工人们每天工作十四个小时；

4. The workers____________________ fourteen hours a day.工人们每天工作十四个小时 Key: 1.made/ bring; 2.make/ laugh; 3.made/ work; 4.were made to work Can   be able to 1. I’m sure I will __________ win this game 2. You _____ keep this book for two weeks. 3. He _____ swim across the river. 4. He has ____________ work hard at his lessons this term. 5. You don’t have to do the cleaning. You _____   go home now. Key: 1.be able to; 2.can; 3.can; 4.been able to; 5.can Be Made of    be made from   be made in    be made into (被做成----) 1. This bridge _______________ stone. 2. This kind of paper _____________ wood. 3. This car ____________ Japan. 4. Wood can _____________ paper, 5. This sweater _____________ wool. 6. We can ______ wine ______ rice. Key: 1.is made of; 2.is made from; 3.is made in; 4.be made into; 5.is made of; 6.make, from Before     ago 1. He went to America three days _____. 2. He said his father had gone to America three days _____ 3. Have you ever been to Africa _____? 4. I had finished my homework _____ I returned home. Key: 1.ago; 2.ago; 3.before; 4.before Bad    badly (worse / worst) 1. My head hurts _____ 2. I’ve got a _____ headache. 3. She was hit by a bike but luckily she wasn’t _____ hurt. 4. He was ill yesterday and he feels even _____ today. 5. The small boy is _____ dressed, begging on the street.’ 6. He fell down and hurt is leg _____. Now, he feels _____. 7. Mary drew best while tom drew _____ in their class. 8. There’s a _____ smell in the room. 9. She has no dictionary and she wants it_____. (急需) Key:1.badly; 2.bad; 3.badly; 4.worse; 5.badly; 6.badly/ bad; 7.worst; 8.bad; 9.badly Alone   lonely 1. Although I am _____, I’m not_____. He doesn’t feel _____ when he is left _____. 2. The _____ old man has no children, and he lives_____. 3. We’re _____ on the island. Who’s taken our picnic basket away? Key: 1.alone/ lonely/lonely/ alone; 2.lonely/ alone; 3.lonely Important   importance 1. The matter is of great ______ to us 2. He made an _____ decision. 3. I have something _____ to tell you 4. My parent has always taught me the _____of working hard. Key: 1.importance; 2.importantt; 3.important; 4.importance Sometime  some time   sometimes   some times 1. My dream will come true _____.（在过去或将来）某个时候 2. Please take care of this when you have ______. 3. We often go there by bus, but _____ on foot. 4. I saw him ______ in May, 5. He didn’t give up though he had failed ______. 6. I need _____ to do the work., 7. Will you come again ______ next week? 8. I have dinner at home. ______ I go out to eat with my parents  Key: 1.sometime; 2.some time; 3.sometimes; 4.some times; 5.some times; 6.some time; 7.sometime; 8.sometimes

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